Research On The Operation Criterion Of New Era's Newspaper Comments

The news comment comes into its third boom from 1998. According to its feature on time and the author's broad representativeness, we can call it "the news comment boom of the new era."The news comment boom of the new era is very helpful on expressing citizens' interest needs, supervising the function of power, edifying people's thoughts and wisdom, shaping the consciousness of modern citizen and advancing the construction of democratic politics. At the same time, there are some unneglectable problems in the current boom of news comment. The purpose of this paper is to look up and summ up the problems, and give the theoretic explanation of these problems, so that the current boom of news comments can have theoretic support for lasting long in satisfactory condition.Chapter 1 aims at combing the three episodes of news comment boom. Firstly, the author analyses the definition on news comment, and gives an original definition. Secondly, the author looks back the era background, start point and the symbolic people of the preceding two boom of news comment. Finally, the author analyses and set forth the start point, causes of occurrence and tremendous effect.Chapter 2 concludes and analyses the problems and bottlenecks which lead to problems. The paper insists that there are three kinds of shortage in the current boom of news comment. The first is that the way of operation is not regular, including the unstabilization of writers circle, the narrowness of representativeness and the irregularness of publication. The second is that the influence is not strong, including the weakness of a single piece of news comment and the repetition of the opinions of different news comments. The third is that the feedback is not as the disseminators' wish, and a lot of people give poor evaluation on news comments. The poor evaluation changes the public's attitude at news comments and weakens the function of them. Next, the author deeply analyses the causes of above shortage of news comments boom. The result is:the restriction of administration policy on opinions on public affairs, the deficiency of professional ethic and the irrationality of operation of news comment.At the end of Chapter 2, the author put forward the task of newspaper's news comments and their writers that the theory of development communication. The theory of development communication maintains that the mass media is very beneficial to the development of countries, and the hegemonism and its impairment on the ability of people's critical thinking should be avoided. As we know, newspaper's news comments are more authoritative and believable than the news comments published on other kinds of mass media. And newspaper's news comments can directly influence people's mind. So, newspaper's news comments is very helpful on transition of people to new customs, deeds, social relationship and the fundamental change of conception, religion, technology and social norm, as it depicted by Wilbur Schramm. At the same time, newspaper's news comments strengthen the ability of people's critical thinking instead of weaken it. Thus, the operators of newspaper's news comments should understand their responsibility on mother country's development, try to solve the shortage of the current boom of news comments and afford the high-quality newspaper's news comments to public.In the next chapters, the author puts forward the way aiming at the bottlenecks of restriction on the current boom of news comments especially those on newspaper.Chapter 3 probes into the administration policy on newspaper's opinions. First, the paper combs the administration principle on opinions, control on news and reports and punishment on disobeyers. Next, the paper analyses the essence of newspaper and put forward that it's the subjective opinion on the external world, so it has its corresponding requirements on administration policy on opinions. On the basis of that, the author set forth the feasible administration policy on opinions in our country. They include: prescribing the domain of opinions according to the Constitution, endowing common people of freedom of expression, broadening the expression space of newspaper's news comments and ensuring the right of exemption of obligation of deputies of People's Congress and commissioners of People's Political Consultative Conference.Aiming at the deficiency of professional ethic of some operators of newspaper's news comments,Chapter 4 detailedly probes into the professional ethic of editors, commentators and writers of newspaper's news comments. The conclusion is as following:The editors of newspaper's news comments should possess the following professional ethic:(1) achieving the required level on national policy and theories; (2) possessing the basic professional moral; (3) obeying the norm of newspaper's news comments. The commentators should possess the following professional ethic:(1)keeping the same opinion as the newspaper office; (2) shaping its special style on news comments; (3)trying to build up its ability on writing news comments. The writers of newspaper's news comments should possess the following professional ethic:(1) esteeming other's copyright; (2) shaping its characters and morals of independence; (3) shaping its characters and morals of science.In Chapter 5, the author expatiates some basic and core operation principles on the newspaper's news comments:the commercial character and true character, the behavioring character and guiding character, the subjectiveness and objectiveness, and the mouthpiece character and public character. The author argues that the links between the four groups of concept should be treated with caution. Both sides should be taken into consideration and should come to a subtle balance.In the concluding part, the paper sheds light on the development task of China, and ingeminates the holy task that the theory of development communication put forward on the operators of newspaper's news comments. Besides, this part puts the key point on the responsibilities of the operators of newspaper's news comments on breaking through the bottlenecks that restricts the development of newspaper's news comments. In this part the author expresses hope on that the operators of newspaper's news comments could contribute more on national development during the third boom of news comments.