On Ontology-based Historical Knowledge Element

In the past more than twenty years, large progress has been made in digitalization of Chinese ancient books. With the achievement of traditional collation of Chinese ancient books, digitalization of Chinese ancient books resolves well the contradiction between protection of Chinese ancient books and usage of Chinese ancient books. Especially the development of the full-text retrieval system of Chinese ancient books has promoted the efficiency and convenience in users' retrieving and using the contents of Chinese ancient books. However, the full-text retrieval system can't extract and cluster the correlated historical material required. Because the system can only retrieve material through retrieval words matching. In this paper, using the theories and tools of semantic web and ontology, I extract historical knowledge elements from the historical records of three kingdoms, and build the historical ontology about the period of three kingdoms to retrieve and cluster the correlated historical material. In the paper, the following jobs are done:(l)Analyze the types of time presentation in the historical records of three kingdoms, and extract historical knowledge elements scattered in different parts in the book because of writhing mode or styles of "ji zhuan ti" and material involved in different regimes. A historical knowledge element is a structure which include a historical time, the resource and a full sentence excerpted from the original book. And it is presented in a RDF data presentation mode. Thus it makes the usage level of historical books deepen from the document level to the level of knowledge element.(2)After analyzing the relationship among the concepts of the emperors, the states and the titles of the regimes, a historical ontology about the period of three kingdoms has been made in OWL. In the ontology, the relationship of different titles of regimes has been described and presented, so has the relationship among the emperors and states and titles of regimes.(3)Based on the base of historical knowledge elements and the base of historical ontology, an ontology-based retrieval system of historical knowledge elements was been made on the platform of .NET. The RDF parser and the technology of web services are used in the system. In the system, the retrieval words are parsed, and corresponding emperors and titles of regimes involved are extracted from the base of ontology, and then correlated historical knowledge elements are extracted to need the aim of clustering the knowledge elements.(4)Analyzing some problems of practice of historical knowledge elements. At last, some suggestions are given for the future development of system.In the paper, the method of demonstration mainly is used. The new idea brought forth is that historical knowledge elements are extracted, and clustered through the historical ontology, although they are scattered in the historical books because of the writing mode and styles.