Study On The Multiple Management System Of Public Information Resources

In modern society, public information resources, as the key element for a country to obtain the competitive advantage and sustainable development, and the intrinsic variable to realize information sharing, to carry out knowledge management, and to promote knowledge economy, has played a more important role in promoting economy development and social civilization development. And it has become the indispensable and fundamental factor for people in information society to live and develop. With the departure of the society and government, speed-up of administration reform, gradual enhance of social self-control level and maturity of market economy, the time comes to the end when government and public information resources completely overlap and brand-new ideas or methods are required to deal with the public information resources.Public information resources is a scientific domain with very rich content. In terms of content, it generally refers to the information resources applied in the social public domain, legally managed by public administration organizations, with public characteristics and can be shared and utilized by all the public. Public information resources not only includes various management objects but also contains different management angles. If public information resources were restricted to government information resources only, there would be difficulty barriers from the point of either logic or theoretical analysis or the development and utilization of information.This paper analyzes the problems of public information resources management by using the methods of economics and science of administration, and deduces the characteristics and economic attributes of public information resources. Through defining the qualities of property right, analyzing the distribution mechanism and the mode of public information resources, examining the endless information monopoly behaviors and objectively investigating the traditional sole system of government information resources management, this paper discloses various system disadvantages in developing and constructing public information resources only by the government. Besides, this paper compares the differences and similarities of government and public information resources management, and points out the different stimulating effects the market,government and social methods have on public information resources management. This paper also thoroughly analyzes the government-leading, competitive and cooperative relationship of the government, enterprises and the third sector that is formed in the process of public information resources management. The whole paper can be divided into five parts:Chapter one is "concept formation of public information resources management". It discusses the formation and the characteristics of public information resources problems mainly from the angle of the concept development of information resources, and points out it is an inevitable tendency of the modern society development that public information resources gradually becomes independent from government information resources. At the same time, the dynamic characteristic of information decides the complexity and uncertainty of public information resources' definition. In real life, the characteristic difference of public and private information resources is uncertain, so they cannot be differentiated only by theoretical definition. According to the public goods theory, public information resources can be divided into pure-public-goods information resources and semi-public-goods information resources, and the latter can be subdivided according to competitive intensity. The degree of public characteristic of public information resources not only decides the qualities and attributes of public information resources, the various modes of its producing and developing, but also decides the goal, subjects, objects, ways, and assessment methods of public information resources management. And it further deduces the content system of public information resources management, specifies the necessity of the government management of public information resources at the macro-level and the middle-level, and the possibility of multiple participation at the micro-level. Based on comparing the differences and similarities of government and public information resources management, this paper points that public information resources management is the innovation of the government information resources management, and the open multiple management system is the necessary choice, which meets the requirements of the modern public information resources management.Chapter two is "optimized distribution of public information resources". It analyzes the characteristic of property right defining of public information resources from the economic view. From the longitudinal angle of multiple levels and form the latitudinalangle of property, utilization, cession as well as the right to earnings, it infers the characteristics of public information resources property right, including stability of property right structure, uncertainty of defining, particularity of restraint, vulnerability of maintenance and difficulty of profit measurement. It deduces the distribution mode of public information resources in the light of property right system, points out there is certain compatibility between public property right of public information resources and market distribution, indicating that the subjects with different property rights display different producing ability and development potential during public information resources development and construction, which requires a variety of flexible management and operational mechanism to stimulate vitality. This paper also illustrates the limitations of market distribution and the necessity of government distribution. Different from the market distribution mode which applying supply and demand mechanism, price mechanism, and competition mechanism, the government uses the administrative, legal, and economic measures to distribute the public information resources, mainly in virtue of policy guiding, financial support, and tax preference. Taking the inefficiency of the government management of publie-information resources in the planned economy in China as an example, this paper enumerates the main problems of government distribution, discusses the boundary between market distribution and government distribution, analyzes the operation modes of public information resources, including public supply, mixed supply, market supply, and summarizes the current situation of the public information resources distribution in our country. Besides, this paper looks back various privatization phenomena of the public information resources such as obstructing, isolating, delaying, distorting, and binding information as well as the bad effects, probes into the roots of these phenomena from the aspects of theory and reality, points out the problem lies in the ossification and monopoly of the management system, and further finds out the countermeasures for radical cure.Chapter three is "analysis of traditional sole system of public information resources management". It tries to clarify the development origin of public and government information resources management from the history of government information resources management, and to investigate the government's function in public information resources management. It points out the requirements of technique, connection and integrity of public information resources in network time have exceeded the capability ofthe government, and it would be a wise choice for the modern government to improve the efficiency of public information resources management by introducing competitive system and seeking broad cooperation. At the same time, from the angle of complexity of public information resources management it comprehensively proves insufficiency of the government public information service such as discriminatory service, mandatory service, asymmetrical service and rough service, which not only increase the government management cost but also lead to the structural form rupture of public information resources management at various levels, such as the government and the public, super and subordinate governments, central and local governments, and consequently break the almightiness mythology of government monopoly in public information resources management. Based on analyzing the characteristics and difficulties of the government information resources management in western countries, this paper looks back the developmental process and main problems of the government information resources management in our country, compares the internal and external elements composing the government ability of public information resources. management, and points that the current structural disharmony of the public information resources management in our country, especially the system barriers seriously hold back the overall pace of the national development and construction of the information resources, and that optimizing the institutional structure is the key to promote the informatization process of our country.Chapter four is "establishment and movement of multiple public information resources management system". Based on the general introduction of the public information resources management system of western countries, especially of the centralized combined with dispersed system of USA, it summarizes the main characteristics and worthwhile experiences of the public information resources management system of western countries, such as continuity of goals, multiplicity of patterns, indirectness of measurement, universality of main bodies and so on. It objectively evaluates advantages and disadvantages of the public information resources management system of our country, elaborates the feasibility of public information resources managed by the market and the society in our country, infers the basic principles to build a new type of public information resources management system, and discusses the motive and the mode of cooperation and participation of multiple mainbodies in public information resources development. Based on this, it summarizes the bases of social and market management of the public information resources, the operation modes, and the practical effects, and concludes that the government, society and enterprises share the competitive and cooperative fellowship. Besides, it elaborates the key role the government plays in the development and construction of public information resources.Chapter five is "strategy analysis of establishing public information resources management system of our country". Based on the systemic generalization of current situation of the public information resources management of our country, it analyzes the problems including vague understanding of public information resources management of our country, limit of government information resources management, born deficiency of social management and loss of standards of market management, points out system barrier is the crucial factor restricting the public information resources development in our country, and puts forward some specific suggestions on building a new type of public information resources management system of our country from the angle of idea transformation, function transformation of government'public information resources management, as well as the cultivation of multiple main bodies and guidance of their participation.Based on the research, this paper obtains anticipated conclusions: Decided by public characteristic, the style of public information resources management must be open and democratic. It is neither economical nor realistic for public information resources management being covered purely by the government information resources management, and it is also hard to enhance the information sharing for the whole society in that case. Thus the innovation of management system is needed, and various information institutions such as the third sector and enterprises can be introduced according to different types of public information resources to participate in the development and construction of public information resources. At the same time, it is necessary to reform the government information resources management pattern, to reasonably define the functional status of the government, the third agency and enterprise in the process of public information resources development and construction on the basis of improving the government macroscopic leading and function in the public information resources service, and to form multiple public information resources management system universallyparticipated by the whole society.The innovative points of this paper are to comprehensively compare the concepts and attributes of public information resources and government information resources from the specific point view of management system, to analyze the problems of public information resources management and to propose the conception of establishing a new public information resources management system using the economic and administrative methods.