The Research Of Wireless Tele-control And Telemetry Technology In Brain Machine Interface

Brain-machine interface (BCI) has established a new way for the central or peripheral nerve system to communicate with outside environment directly which have great value in the research fields of basic medicine, clinical rehabititat ion and nerve repair and so on. Implan table brain-machine interact ion technology refers to the research method of recording neural signal from the cerebral cortex by directly implanting electrodes on the brain. This method has high spatial resolution, location stability, specificity, high signal to noise ratiofor simple post-processing. However, it has technical difficulties, and have a trauma. Implantable wireless telecontrol and telemetry technology is the key technology of brain-computer interaction. It is also one important direction of brain-computer interaction technology in the future. Take the development of "Animal robots" for example, with the development of material, MEMS process, micropackage and ASIC technology, implantable BCI technology is developing toward fully implantable wireless telecontrol and telemetry microsystem from early stage of implantable telecontrol and telemetry backpack system. Based on the above background, the proposed dissertation studied mainly on the key technology of implantable telecontrol and telemetry system. The main research work is followed:First, combined with the practical requirements of animal-robot training subject, the proposed dissertation presented an implantable telecontrol and telemetry backpack system developed with embedded technology of PDA. The system consists of implantable electrode, headstage amplifier, backpack, portable PDA and PC control station. Design and implemented the platform for BCI animal behavior experiment and several BCI animal behavior experiments. and tested and verified the implantable telecontrol and telemetry backpack system with the platform. Second, based on the study of the backpack system mentioned above, we studied on the fully implantable wireless telecontrol and telemetry microsystem, and designed and fabricated the MEMS neural microelectrode array, RF energy supply power management unit chip, single/multi-channel low noise neural signal amplifier and low power SAR-ADC. The result laid the foundations for whole realization of fully implantable telecontrol/telemetry microsystem.The achievements and creative work is summarized.1. Implemented an implantable telecontrol and telemetry backpack system based on portable PDA. The system has the features of bidirectional communication, portable, light weight and simultaneously neural signal recording and electric nerve stimulation. The system provides a new platform for behavioral and neurophys iological experiments and exploi ts new method for BCI unstrained animal experiments study.2. Use the implantable telecontrol and telemetry backpack system to build the experiment platform for'animal robots'research in BCI. Confirmed the platform with behavior experiments such as experiments of bar-pressing, eight-arm maze testing, as well as navigating rats through a 3D obstacle route. The result laid the foundations for further study on more precise control of 'animal robots'3. The proposed dissertation presented an overall design of fully implantable wireless telecontrol and telemetry microsystem with the technology of MEMS neural microelectrode array, CMOS intergrated circuit and compress sensing (CS). Implemented the schemat ic and layout design of several modules, such as MEMS neural microelectrode array, RF energy supply power management unit chip, single/multi-channel low noi se neural signal amplifier and low power SAR-ADC. Some of these modules have been fabricated and tested. These results have a certain signi f icance for the further research work on fully implantable technology in BCI.4. The proposed dissertation presented a novel wireless integrated power management unit (PMU) for implantable biomedical telemetry systems. The presented unit can recharge implanted batteries via radio frequency power transmitted from an RF source. And it provides on/off switching through external wireless control. And it has an ultra low standby current about 5pA. The work is the first in China.