A Study On The Evolution Of Some Everyday Expressions In Pre-Modern Chinese

As the major part of a lexical system, everyday expressions play the core role in a language's development. The study on their development is an important component in the history of Chinese lexicology. Pre-modern Chinese has the closest relationship with modern Chinese. Therefore, the study of everyday expressions'development of pre-modern Chinese is very helpful for the probe into everyday expressions presented in modern Chinese; and it is also helpful for the lexical integration in the history of Chinese. This paper selects 9 groups of everyday expression for instances. By means of quality and quantity researches, it studies the development and alternation of these everyday expressions, so as to explore the causes, charactetistics rules of their development.The commonly used noun meaning"clothes"was"yi"and"fu"during Tang and Song Dynasty."Yi"continues to be the primarily-used word, but"fu"gradually decreased in Yuan Dynasty. In Ming and Qing Dynasty."Yifu"and"yishang"were frequently used and become the primarily-used word.The commonly-used noun meaning"morning"was"Zhao"during Tang and Song Dynasty, followed by"zao"and"chen". The usage of"zaochen"surpassed other words and become primarily-used word in Yuan Dynasty. In Qing Dynasty."Yizao","qingzao"and"zaoqi"were more popular. In modern Chinese"zaochen"is used a lot, followed by"zaoshang"ahd"yizao".The commonly-used pronoun meaning"other people"was"ta"during Tang and Song Dynasty. After Yuan Dynasty,"ta"was shifted as a third - person pronoun."bieren"was more and more frequently used and become primarily-used word.The commonly used verb meaning"looking for"was"mi"during Tang Dynasty and the Five-era period. From the start of Song Dynasty,"xun"was more and more frequently used and became the primarily-used verb after Yuan Dynasty."Zhao"first appeared in Ming Dynasty. It was gradually accepted and replaced"xun"as the primarily-used verb after the middle of Qing Dynasty. The commonly-used verb meaning"waiting"was"dai"during Tang and Song Dynasty. After Yuan Dynasty,"deng"was gradually developed and finally took the place of"dai".The commonly-used verb meaning"thinking"was"siliang"and"si"in Tang and Song Dynasty. After Yuan Dynasty, the usage of"xiang"was well developed and became the primarily-used verb.The commonly used verb meaning"go"was"wang"during Tang Dynasty and the Five-era period. After Song Dynasty,"qu"was gradually extended .It replaced"wang"as the primarily-used verb in Yuan Dynasty."wang"deceased was shifted as a preposition meaning"to or toward".The commonly-used adjective meaning"happy"was"xi"in Tang and Song Dynasty. In comparison,"le"and"huanxi"was also used a lot. In Yuan Dynasty"xi"was used most frequently, followed by,"huanxi","le"and"gaoxing"The use and compounding function of"gaoxing"were gradually increased and enriched till it become the primarily-used word in modern Chinese.The commonly-used adjective meaning"angry"was"nu"during the period from Tang to Yuan Dynasty. In Ming and Qing Dynasty,"nao","qi", and"shengqi"rose in sequence and were applied in large amounts with respective characteristic compounding parts."Nu"was still used a lot, but gradually decreased since it was usually compounded with the adverb"da". In modern Chinese,"shengqi"and"qi"become the primarily-used word for"angry".The evolvement of the Everyday Expressions is esserntially the historical development of the representative word in some semantic fields. There are Social Factors and linguistic causes for the evolvement. The chain substitution of Everyday Expressions gives an enlighten example for the Study.Collocations of the representative word are very rich in its form and always occur together with some new Grammatical Phenomena.