The Study Of Several Homonym Patterns In Pre-QIN

The scope of enquiry of this dissertation is focused on Chinese words of the fifteen classic pre-QIN books, which concern sixteen homonym patterns specified as"门mén,户hù""犬quǎn,狗gǒu""声shēng,音yīn""豕shǐ,彘zhì,猪zhū""地dì,田tián,土tǔ,壤rǎng""早(蚤)zǎo,朝zhǎo,晨chén""宫gōng,室shì""疾jí,病bìng""年nián,岁suì,载zǎi""少shǎo,寡guǎ""少shǎo,鲜xiǎn""小xiǎo,微wēi""卑bēi,贱jiàn""急jí,速sù""诚chéng,信xìn""走zǒu,趋qū". And this dissertation persists on analyzing the material according to the words'development and evolvement, and cares about the age and the change and replacing relationship of Synonym. Specifically,⑴What I first have done is to know the meaning of every homonym pattern in the classic pre-QIN books, and choose the material concerned.⑵Analyzing the change and replacement of every homonym pattern in the two periods of pre-QIN dynasty- CHUNQIU and ZHANGUO.⑶Describing the details of the meaning of every homonym pattern.⑷Concluding the effective means making a comparison to the homonym.Firstly, after the sixteen homonym pattern being investigated, some preliminary viewpoints have been reached:⑴with the comparison to the homonym's characteristics shape and its meaning of lexicon, on one hand, the relationship between the shape and the meaning has been known, on the other hand, every homonym pattern development is clear, which offer the dissertation a assumed direction.⑵In study, the way to the qualitative analysis with the quantitative analysis makes the dissertation show the evolution and replacement of pre-QIN.⑶The combination and get-together of words, that is, the arrangement in pairs or groups, which means the change of the words which have the synonymy relation can be brought about from the exterior.⑷The extension of meaning. With the time going, the homonym of pre-QIN is increasing. Although every homonym pattern has the common meaning, their extensions are not the same. For example, the extension of"疾jí"means pain, while the extension of "病bìng"means hardship from worry, hungry or tired.⑸The modern Chinese usually analyzes the homonym by expression, which is helpful to the speaker to show his meaning. Actually, it can be used for ancient Chinese, because the ancient Chinese has more emphasis on the expression. For instance, a word or phrase to be avoided as taboo, or the expression to show whether the speaker like something or somebody or not.⑹The Semantic Field Theory. Given to the ancient Chinese is different from the modern Chinese, the means is not used commonly, only few homonym patterns is analyzed by this way. For example,"门mén,户hù"is investigated by sum up the same sememes and different sememes.Secondly, on the basis of this dissertation, we have further recognized the Chinese lexis, as follows:⑴The study of the homonym should be seen with the Chinese language history development. We may recognize the synonymy relationship exists in the history development, and it's not enough to study the homonym generally, even though the classical Chinese is changing constantly. This is not only the characteristic of the pre-QIN and after the pre-QIN, but also the two period of the pre-QIN-CHUNQIU and ZHANGUO.⑵The study of the homonym, especially in the some age, firstly, we should make sure the age can reflect the development of Chinese lexis.⑶The study of the homonym should be explored from the influence, evolution, and constitution besides the analysis of the difference.⑷It is very important to select the material. As usually, there are two important facts. One is to select the self-identity material. The other is to select the material with the some length. In addition, we should try our best to think about the literature excavated, since the literature excavated has not been modify, and keep the original situation. They have the important value so that we can make the conclusion more trustiness.Finally, whereas the special situation of the homonym in some age, we should hold that the first step on the study words is to explore the general language facts practically, which is very important to the study of the homonym, and is basic works.