On Contemporary Chinese Literature In The Anti-Japanese War Historical Picture Of The Changing Times

This thesis for the Doctorate discusses the times changes of the Anti-Japanese War scenes in the contemporary novels.The Anti-Japanese War has been the important contents of the contemporary novels.Though the war is a constant history fact once happened, the scenes of it described by the novels of different times is not the same in the recent several decades, and even entirely different. This thesis studies the difference, probes what is the difference, probes how and why it is described, discovers the reasons, appearances and trails of the times changes of the Anti-Japanese War scenes in literature, In addition, this thesis tries to solve those defects of the studies concerned.In addition to introduction and conclusion, this text is totally divided into 3 chapters.The introduction includes three aspects. The first, it elaborates the relation between history, narrative and the war. Because history affairs' present is the result of narrative which is always subject to the predominant social ideology, the different times' narratives about the same history affair are different, so they create different scenes of the same affair. So does the narrative of the Anti-Japanese War. Secondly, The introduction elaborates "revolution" is the key word which can be used to comprehend the Anti-Japanese literature and the times variation of the Anti-Japanese War scenes in literature. The times variation has perplexing relations with the total times context and its changes of which the proletarian revolution ideology is an important part. The proletarian revolution ideology changes with the variation of times, so the narrative of the Anti-Japanese War and the war scenes it creates also change. Because the close relations between the proletarian revolution and the war, the proletarian revolution ideology and its variation is the important point and clues of the thesis.Thirdly, The introduction elaborates the present condition of concerning research and the thinking, objects, methods and purpose of study of this thesis. The objects are the novels describe the Anti-Japanese War and related literature phenomenon which are called the Anti-Japanese literature in recent more than 70 years. The defects in present research are mainly the following aspects: the general history is very seldom, those novels created in the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution are seldom studied, the study of the Anti-Japanese literature is not independent etc. This thesis tries to solve them. This thesis mainly concern about the composing and variety of the army resisting aggression, the variation of some concrete scenes of the war described in the novels, the change in nature of the war in the novels.Chapter 1 inquired into the Anti-Japanese War scenes the wartime novels describe under the dual restriction and influence coming from proletarian revolution ideology and the context of the war against invading. Section 1 mainly discusses some wartime novels tries to describe the Anti-Japanese War as a rank revolution which national and race boundary, but because the class consciousness can not crosses over the national consciousness under the times background when the national salvation is very urgent and the national contradiction ascend rapidly, the effort must be encounter many difficulties of narrative. The revolution theories of Karl Marx and Mao Zedong are the origins of the effort. Section 2 analyzes the contestation of the two slogans is effort which insists a rank principle from the realistic existence of the rank antinomy and the class struggle, selects those narratives about the struggle and battle of the farmers, intellectuals, bandits and Kuomintang army against the invasion of Japanese, investigates and discusses how they try to expound and prove who resist aggression on the basis of class viewpoint, make the Anti-Japanese War scenes entwined by the revolution and rank principle. In term of the comprehension about how the context of the war against invading restrict proletarian revolution and rank principle, Section 3 analyzes some novels how to shake off the fetters of revolution and rank principle and narrate the scenes of resisting aggression by alliance, nongovernmental resisting aggression, resisting aggression led by the two political parties. Section 4 mainly inquires into the scenes of awakening and the humanity influenced and restricted by proletarian revolution ideology and the context of the war against invading, discusses the problem of enlightenment.Chapter 2 discusses those novels created in the period from the end of the Anti-Japanese War to the end of the Great Cultural Revolution how to narrative the war scenes as revolution scenes. Section 1 is the general introduction of this chapter. It elaborates the "revolution" modifies the Anti-Japanese War, analyses that how and why the narrative of the war are covered over with the narrative of revolution, expounds the narrative of the war during this period does not intent to narrative the war, but describe the history of the war as a period of revolution history, the war scenes as revolution scenes. Section 2-section 4 respectively inquires into the three means by which those novels describe the war as a revolution. Section 2 analyses how the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party are strengthened, the struggle and battle of workers, peasants and soldiers are projected, the struggle and battle of other classes such as Kuomintang, landlord are abandoned, expounds how the novels created during this period describe the war scenes as revolution scenes by selective narrative. Section 3 discusses the revolution remember concerning history and the realistic political need of argument about decriminalization, studies the novels how to covered over the war with the revolution, how to describe the history of the war as a period of revolution history by expanding the narrative of the Anti-Japanese War in the frame of class struggle, by outstanding class struggle, by tracing back and postponing. Section 4 discusses how the revolutionary war scenes were constructed in the novels by elaborating how those non-revolutionary scenes such as nongovernmental resisting aggression, phenomenon of humanity, how those non-revolutionary forces resisting aggression such as workers, peasants, landlords and bandits. What section 5 expounds is that the revolutionary Anti-Japanese War scenes in the novels created during the seventeen years after the foundation of the People's Republic of China are not very pure. Because of many reasons such as the theoretical space of Talks at the Yan' an Forum of Literature and Art, the corruptions between those political criticize movement in the realm of literature and art, some cracks exists which make some non-revolutionary scenes still exit when the Anti-Japanese War scenes are tried to be covered with revolutionary scenes. Section 6 specially discusses the Anti-Japanese novels created during the Great Cultural Revolution. It expounds that those novels tries to keep up with the model operas, make the efforts of revolutionizing the war scenes come to an extreme.Chapter 3 discusses the Anti-Japanese novels created from the end of the Great Cultural Revolution on how to re-narrate the Anti-Japanese War and re-constructed the scenes of the Anti-Japanese war. Section 1 is the general introduction of this chapter. It expounds the times context in which the Anti-Japanese war are re-narrated by explaining the factors which make the proletarian revolution ideology be queried and to some extent still exist, explaining 1985 and 1995 are two important annual years. Section 2 discussed how some novels wrote in the first years of the new period query the revolutionary narrative about the war, how the revolutionary war scenes are deconstructed and reconstructed by later writers. It makes further analyze about what extent the deconstruction and reconstruction come to and what limit the deconstructed and reconstructed have by the comparison between the deconstruction the class revolution scenes encounter and the war scenes encounter. Section 3 discusses the narrative of the Anti-Japanese war in those novels created in the new period and then on how to re-narrate and reconstruct the Anti-Japanese war scenes and what scenes are reconstructed by analyzing how those throw-out thrown away in former works, especially those in the Great Cultural Revolution, are re-picked up and re-narrated. What section 4 discussed are the two kinds of entirely different literature memories about the national awakening from the Anti-Japanese war what writers express in their novels from the new period on. One affirms the awakening and proves it by constructing the spectacular view of total nation's resisting invasion in novels, which based on shaking off the restriction of proletarian revolution ideology and re-picking up those throw-out. Another is the anxious pondering about the national awakening in the chain of the history and the today reality. What section 5 discusses is the existence of revolutionary scenes of the Anti-Japanese war in the literary works and literary activities.The conclusion carries on the brief summary to this thesis's gist and contents, explains the methods and discounts of settling the difficulties encountered in studying and writing, gives an account of methods of handling with some certain concrete questions. In addition, it puts forward some questions related to this thesis which are necessary to be studied further and commonly in the academic community.