| [Objective]Home almost is the whole environments of life during the early childhood,and it plays an important role in early child development.Because lack of a valid and reliable scales for assessing of early child home nurture environment in China,we tried to develop a series of early child home nurture environment scales completely based on Chinese culture background.We wished them to be the operable and useful instrument for evaluating the early child nurture conditions at homes.[Methods]For the purpose of accuracy and applicability of scales,the early childhood was divided three periods accordingly:0～1 years,1～3 years and 3～6 year periods. And the scales series consist of independent three:0～1 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,1～3 years child home nurture environment questionnaire, and 3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire.The items pools were established after reviewing a lot of correlative literatures and some opened inquiry questionnaire were fulfilled by six early education experts and child healthcare experts.The items pools were revised through a decades of parents investigations and three 'primary questionnaires' were set up subsequently. And the exploratory factor analysis were carried with the samples of 232,223 and 235 parents of 0～1 years,1～3 years and 3～6 years old children from Jinan,Linyi, Zibo,Zichuan,Feixian urban areas.Three 'probative questionnaires' were developed by cutting off the items which lording lower than 0.40 subsequently.With stratified sampling method,498,591 and 696 parents of 0～1 years,1～3 years and 3～6 years children from Jinan,Linyi,Yantai,Dezhou,Jining,Heze, Feixian,Zichuan,Guangrao,and Qihe urban areas were investigated with the families demographic informations and 0～1 years child nurture environment probative questionnaire,1～3 years child nurture environment probative questionnaire and 3～6 years child nurture environment probative questionnaire. Parts of 0～1 years and 1～3 years children performed the test of 0～4 years child nerve and mental development scale and parts of 4～6 years children's parents fulfilled the child behavior checklist(CBCL).SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis.Critical ratio and Pearson correlation were calculated for items analysis. Items were deleted whichever critical ratio without significant or correlation coefficient to be lower than 0.30 separately.Next exploratory factor analysis was carried out to develop and evaluate the structure of the scales.After Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling and Bartlett's test of sphericity done, principal component analysis,scree test and varimax rotate were performed to extract the factors.After the 0～1 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,1～3 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,and 3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire were confirmed,reliability analysis including Cronbach's alpha coefficient,split-half reliability,and test-retest reliability,validity analysis including content validity,construct validity,and criterion-related validity and confirmatory factor analysis were evaluated respectively.[Results]With a series of sample's investigation,and by items analysis,exploratory factor analysis,reliability analysis and validity analysis,0～1 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,1～3 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,and 3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire were developed successfully.0～1 years child home nurture environment questionnaire consist of 32 items, which remained with 4 factors.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.918,and 1 to 4 factors' Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.893,0.811,0.733 and 0.651.Guttman split-half reliability was 0.875,and 1 to 4 factors' Guttman split-half reliabilities were 0.849,0.722,0.704 and 0.652.Test-retest reliability was 0.714,and 1 to 4 factors' test-retest reliabilities were 0.722,0.601,0.552 and 0.660.Correlation coefficients between total and factors were from 0.637 to 0.912.Confirmatory factor analysis showed the model fitting was good.Correlation coefficient between total score and child development quotient(DQ)was 0.506.Content validity, construct validity and criterion-related validity were satisfied.There were significant differences on scale scores between the family income levels,and different grade cities(P＜0.001)。1～3 years child home nurture environment questionnaire consist of 41 items, which remained with 4 factor.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.930,and 1 to 4 factors' Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.861,0.890,0.809 and 0.714.Guttman split-half reliability was 0.871,and 1 to 4 factors' Guttman split-half reliabilities were 0.829,0.847,0.769 and 0.681.Test-retest reliability was 0.707 and 1 to 4 factors' test-retest reliabilities were 0.562,0.721,0.622 and 0.536.Correlation coefficients between total and factors were from 0.529 to 0.900.Confirmatory factor analysis showed the model fitting was better.Correlation coefficient between total score and child DQ was 0.475.Content validity,construct validity and criterion-related validity were satisfied.There were significant differences between scale scores on the family income levels,parent's education and at different grade city(P＜0.05)。3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire consist of 53 items, which remained with 6 thctors.Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.931,and 1 to 6 factors' Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.870,0.813,0.832,0.777,0.721 and 0.701.Split-half reliability was 0.872,and 1 to 6 factors Split-half reliabilities were 0.833,0.799,0.792,0.767,0.789 and 0.679.Test-retest reliability was 0.717,and 1 to 6 factors' test-retest reliabilities were 0.762,0.721,0.662,0.536,0.597 and 0.724. Correlation coefficients between total and factors were from 0.643 to 0.854. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the model fitting was good.There were negative correlation between scale scores and child behavior checklist scores,which means the higher scores of 3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,the less child behavior problem.Content validity,construct validity and criterion-related validity were satisfied.There were significant differences between scale scores and the family income levels,parent's education(P＜0.05)。[Conclusions]1.Avoiding the used way entirely to simply copy the foreign scales,we independently developed the 0～1 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,1～3 years child home nurture environment questionnaire and 3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire respectively based on completely on Chinese cultural background by ourselves.They were the first series of scales as practicable instruments to evaluate early child home nurture environment in China. 2.Factor analysis and item analysis showed that the structures of the 0～1 years child home nurture environment questionnaire,1～3 years child home nurture environment questionnaire and 3～6 years child home nurture environment questionnaire were reasonable and the items are sensitive.3.Reliability and validity analysis showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficients, split-half reliabilities,test-retest reliabilities and content validity,construct validity and criterion-related validity all were satisfied.These meant that the scales entirely accord with psychometric demands.The scales could be used for people to evaluate early child home environment.4.There were a significant correlation between the scales scores and the family income,parent's education and different grade cities,which meant the more home income,higher education and bigger cities,the more scale scores.These further proved the scales were practical and valid.
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