Research On The Evolution And Coordination Of The Intercity Rail And The Spatial Structure Of Urban Agglomeration

With the rapid development of Chinese economy and society, the form of urban agglomeration has become the mainstream of regional development. In order to adapt the needs of the continuous development of urban agglomeration, we need a comprehensive high-speed transportation network to support more frequent material exchanges and people flow. Because of its large capacity, high security, punctuality and other advantages, intercity rail has become an important component and backbone of comprehensive high-speed transportation network of the urban agglomeration, which mode of intercity transportation network the government actively advocated. At the same time, intercity rail can not only meet the passenger and freight transport demands of the urban agglomeration, but also influence and guide the spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration. However, it is still lack of systematic research in theory and practice, which is on the evolutionary relationships between the intercity rail and spatial structure of the urban agglomeration and how the intercity rail influence and spatial structure of the urban agglomeration. Therefore, analyzing the evolution mechanism, process, and the relationship between the intercity rail and the spatial structure of urban agglomeration systematically and comprehensively, has the very important theory and practical significance.According to the research ideas of "observing phenomena, refining problem, analyzing problem and solving problem", using the theory of division of labor, agglomeration theory, location theory and the new classical economics theory comprehensive, this paper researches and answers the three economic questions of "how the intercity rail influences spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration, how the intercity rail interacts and coordinates with spatial structure of the urban agglomeration, and what’s kind of mechanism needed in order to promote their mutual coordination?", which derived from the phenomena.Firstly, this paper analyzes the basic law, influencing factors, the power and the realization path of space structure development of the urban agglomeration, and points out that spatial structure development of urban agglomeration experienced four development stages of "decentralized, polarization, diffusion and network", which has distinct characteristics in each stage. The evolution of division and specialization is the basic driving force of spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration. And the promotion of spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration coming from two forces, one is the extension the circuitous production chain, and the other is agglomeration and diffusion effect. This paper constructs the basic research framework based on the circular flow diagram of micro economic, and traces that spatial structure developing of the urban agglomeration is from the location choice of enterprise, industry and population for the first time. At the same time, this paper forms the basic logic to analyze the three economics problems in this paper through integrating the research framework and the fundamental driving force of spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration closely.Secondly, in order to solve the economic question of "how the intercity rail influences spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration?", this paper analyzes the mechanism of enterprise and industrial location evolution and population location evolution which are the two paths of intercity rail effecting the spatial structure development from the perspective of the division and specialization evolution, through establishing the proof model by applying the theory and method of new classical economics for the first time, which based on the constructed analytical framework. And then demonstrates the analysis conclusion through the empirical analysis of the Tokyo Metropolitan and the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration. It shows that the as the backbone of urban agglomeration intercity transportation, intercity rail can influence the evolution of division and specialization, thereby affects the choice of industrial and population location, and the evolution of spatial structure of urban agglomeration. At the same time, intercity rail network can also be important axis and space point of the population and industry agglomeration spread, promote the orderly evolution of the spatial structure of urban agglomeration.Thirdly, in order to solve economic question of "how the intercity rail interacts and coordinates with spatial structure of the urban agglomeration?", this paper analyzes the influence and interaction mechanism and the connotation and targets of the coordination development between intercity rail and spatial structure of the urban agglomeration, and tries to clearly illustrate how to achieve the coordination developing and what can be called the coordination development. And then this paper demonstrates the analysis conclusion through the empirical analysis of the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. It shows that there are clear interactions between the spatial structure evolution and intercity rail development in urban agglomeration. They affect each other, and adapt to each other. To achieve the coordinated development needs to achieve coordination respectively on the four aspects, including organization, spatial, function and environment. Finally, in order to solve economic question of "what’s kind of mechanism needed in order to promote their mutual coordination?", this paper analyses the cooperation and coordination mechanism of intercity rail in the planning, investment and operation in urban agglomeration, by using the improved coordination multidimensional analysis framework, combined with the actual situation of intercity rail in China, for the first time, according to the objective requirements of spatial structure development of the urban agglomeration for the intercity rail. This paper also puts forward the suitable cooperation and coordination mechanism of intercity rail planning, investment and operation, in order to provide support for the efficient development of intercity rail in China. The results show that, we should pay attention to the regional coordination organization, through the regional dialogue platform, making a comprehensive evaluation on the actual intercity rail demand of urban agglomeration, pay attention to the effects of planning system integration of urban agglomeration, in the intercity rail planning, investment, operation process.At the same time, we should fully exploit the characteristics of intercity rail industry, starting from the profit level, make market mechanisms work, through project promotion, contract management and other ways to enhance industry vitality, improve operational efficiency. And we also need to pay attention to construct the guarantee mechanism (in which punishment mechanism is more effective than the subsidy mechanism), and reduce the market failure and the government excessive intervention damage by laws and relevant policies to regulate the market and government behavior.