Benefit Aalysis Of The Agricultural Land Transfer

Communique of the Third Plenum of18th CPC Central committee and the Document NO.1of the Central Government in2014put forward a new requirements for rural land reform," stabilize the rural land contract relationship and maintain it for a long time, and in the conditions of upholding and improving the most stringent farmland protection system, giving the right of occupy, use, income, transfer and mortgage and guarantee to farmers for their contracted land management","allowing farmers to develop agriculture industrialized operation by the way of contracted land management shares rights","encourage the contract and management rights to professional large, family farms, farmers’ cooperatives, agribusiness on the open market, and develop various large-scale operation". In new socio-economic environment, agricultural land transfer will be more frequent, which belongs with the large-scale, intensification organization, socialization, and the flow of people and capital between urban and rural areas, so it not only reflects the profound structural changes in reality in rural areas now, it is also the objective requirements of the current agricultural modernization, industrialization and urbanization. The economic benefits of agricultural land transfer has been concerned, but due to the fundamental position of agriculture, the social and ecological benefits of agricultural land transfer equally are worthy to our attention. This paper is to build a theoretical framework to analyze the benefits of agricultural land transfer based on the perspective of benefit, research the theoretical roots and main features of different benefit when agricultural land transfer, and then to achieve the coordinated development of economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits, let the practical significance of agricultural land transfer come true, it is that can be the key breakthrough to promote the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, solve the "three-agricultural problem", also be the important opportunity to develop the efficient agriculture, to achieve the integration of urban and rural areas.The analysis ways to benefit of agricultural land transfer in this paper is not only from the view of increase in agricultural output and farmers’ income, and the social and ecological benefits are also framed, it is concluded that:(1) Agricultural land transfer has the economic benefit of increasing the agricultural output and farmers’ income, it shows different level contribution in different times; and the agricultural land, as the resource, has the role of endogenous to labor and capital, which also affects the economic benefit, at the same time, the economic benefit of the agricultural land transfer has the spatial overflow effect, the optimization of economic benefits can depend on the path of land capitalization.(2) Agricultural land transfer has the social benefit of cultivating new farmers, rural social security and the urbanization. a. The cultivation benefit of new farmers shows significant cultural benefits and technical benefits in the short term, in the long term it shows positive operational benefits and technology benefits, so we must cut the constraints of organization and policy, then to accelerate the professional differentiation to farmers, and cultivate the professional farmers. b. agricultural land transfer only plays a significant direct impact to life and health care, but agricultural land transfer significantly affects the rural social security through the influence of urban-rural income gap, so it is necessary for improving the rural social security system to ensure the security function agricultural land continued, rich the participation mode of agricultural land transfer and establish long-term increase income for farmers relying on the agricultural land transfer. c. the impact of agricultural land transfer to urbanization is subject to the degree of market, the degree of market can exacerbate this promoting effects from agricultural land transfer, and excessive intervention may produce the "crowding" effect to urbanization, and agricultural land transfer has the most significant affect to the people’s living standards of urbanization, so improving the market level can promote the resources efficiency of agricultural land transfer, and ultimately promote urbanization.(3) The total ecological benefits of agricultural land transfer, that is the agricultural sustainability, and agricultural land transfer has the different impacts to fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural plastic film and diesel oil; so integrating the environmental Kuznets curve, we can preliminary judge that China’s rural is in the increasing stage of the per capita income and the worsening stage of environmental pollution. Then proposed to eliminate the negative efficiency from agricultural land transfer to agricultural sustainability by the mechanism of environmental costs internalization, optimize the rural ecological environment.(4) The comprehensive benefits of agricultural land transfer shows inverted U-shaped with the trend of increasing (deterioration), the score ranking also shows this rule; in terms of regions, it is top ranked in north, northeast and east China, and the rank of benefits of agricultural land transfer in central and south region and the southwestern region are relatively rearward, therefore, considering the generation logic and the coordination principle of agricultural land be agricultural land, local conditions and so on, it should build a reasonable coordination mechanisms.At the last, the paper analyze three kinds of agricultural land transfer modes, set forth the different benefit contents, constraint factors and its applicability, put forward the optimization operating mechanism from the views of transfer business entities and internal-external environment; and it also builds the efficiency optimization mechanism for agricultural land transfer, proposes the basic system to improve the efficiency of agricultural land transfer, namely the support system, strengthen system and the security system to agricultural land transfer.