The Change Of Management On Handicraft Industry

The small scale industries have become an important contribution to the strength of the economy in China, since we followed the policy of reform and opening. And it was the reason for the local economic growth. As to the property rights transformation of collective enterprise, including local ErQing enterprise, township and Village enterprises, and joint collective enterprises, sociologists, economists, and political scientists have provided meaningful argument. On the basis of those explanations’, researchers also expect to lead the discussion to historical area, to explain the property right transformation through in historic analysis. This paper tries to discuss the development environment of small scale industries, and focus on the relationship between enterprise and local government. The aim of this paper is to answer the question why collective enterprise cannot survive.This paper focuses on Cixi City, Zhejiang Province. Using archival material stored in local archives, combined with field interviews, the author discusses the small handicraft economy in1949-1965. Four chapters of the text, the author traces the traditional social management mechanism for urban and rural small-scale producers,"guild","commercial capital" intervention manual employees in management performance. Cixi local government hand the reality of employees at the beginning of1949. The second chapter discusses the police carried out by local government for the handicraft in1949-1952, pointed out that local governments were unwilling or did not want be involved in the management of handcraft. On the other hand, the author also describes the condition of handicraft cooperative development, and focuses on the "Spontaneous production group". Comparing the two types of collective groups, the author discusses the key point of collective organization. On the basis of Chapter II, Chapter III focuses on the changes brought about by the socialist reform movement, pointed out that the movement "climax" indicates had great effort on Handicraft transformation, and the argument that "the politicization of the economic organization and management mechanism" is an important point. The last chapter of the article is a discussion about the "Great Leap Forward" and the "Great Leap Forward" post-adjustment, the author discusses the power game between the relevant administrative department, and the adjustment of collective group in the early1960s, in this chapter, the author discusses the living conditions of the collective economic organization of production co-exist with individual productivity, and pointed out that when such "collective enterprise" and different from the true sense of the collective enterprises, this analysis provides the basis for rapid conversion of the reasons also explain the late township enterprises transformation.In conclusion, the author believes that the "cooperative" form of organization should not be taken for granted as "ill-defined property rights" form of economic-organization. The early spontaneous production team, the handcrafters and farmers consciously joint, as well as individual and cooperative link economic development model in the early1960s, the actual performance of these grassroots reflected the kind of handicraft, small industrial production practitioners have joint initiative, will and power of the co-production, and derive the actual interests. For such scattered small producers, collective forms, in fact, has great value. The Chinese practice of early environment, however, did not give this form of organization living space, state power penetration down too fast, and tried to cover up the problems caused by a lack of resources and support with the political management of economic organizations, between production and the achievement of political domination target, the country set as a "cooperative" unconsciously favoring the latter. The development of cooperatives, and similar collective organization of production itself, changes have had a significant effect, a number of sports and policy adjustments, these effects finally settle become practitioners and related parties’ understanding of the concept of the collective organization.