The Information Processing Technology Of Omniderectional Multi-function Complex Detection System

Space-based target observation is an important direction in space situational awareness area, the observation to space debris becomes a hot spot. With the development of micro-satellite, using satellite group is more redundancy,more information and more flexibility than single large satellite.The camera with small aperture and wide field of view which is suitable for small observation system can provide image imformation for target detection and star sensor measurement.Using several camera can compose an omni-directional detection system which complex function of target detection and star sensor measurement, it has some advantages of long time observation and more versatile.According to the need of information processing of omni-dirtectional detection system, the main content of this paper is listed below:1. The system use visble light band for target detection by the analysis of radiation characteristics of the signal sources. The magnitude sensitivity of detection system is determined by space debris radiation at the aperture of camera and the star number need by sensor measurement. It analyzes the factors of target detection, indicating that the system is theoretically feasible.2. The system components and functional features about omni-directional detection system are discussed. It explores the features about information processing technology of a single or multile observation platform. According to mission requirements, optical camera design is proposed, including the design of electronic circuit and image sensor driven. Based on the characteristics of CMOS sensor, the SNR of 3 magnitude star in image is calculated, the relationship between the detection probability and false alarm probability is analyzed.According to the characteristics of small aperture and wide field of view, the accuracy of space debris detection and star sensor measurement is calculated, and the factors affecting measurement accuracy is analyzed.Based on the characteristics of target image, the dynamic response ability is calculated.3. The information processing technology plays a pivotal role in system, including the filter processing of image, the centroid location of target, the distortion correction algorithm of wide lens, the target recognition algorithm and the target tracking algorithm.The distortion correction algorithm is important information processing technology to improve the measurement accuracy. For the characteristics of serious distortion and poor fitting parameters on lens, it proposed a distortion correction algorithm based on calibration points and the approximate error. The experimental results show the algorithm greatly improves the measurement accuracy.For the indistinguishable of space debris and star in image, a new target recognition algorithm is proposed based on the posture matrix which composite star sensor measurement. It transforms the complex trajectory identification into a simple threshold determination. The simulation results show the effectiveness of target recognition.The complex information of space-based detection system is achieved in the research of this topic,which provides the appropriate information processing method for the new target detection system.