Study Of Star Map Reconstruction And Optical Monitoring Technology For Space Debris

With more and more complex space environment,the problem of space flight safety is becoming more serious. The technology of space object surveillance plays a key role in the field of the spacecraft flight safety. And it is also one of the indispensably important technology for the space military confrontation. Space-based Monitoring system is one of the best tools in the future space situational awareness area, and also a frontier in the field of space target monitoring technology. For space missions and even for national security, space surveillance has great strategic significance.Space Surveillance Network composed by ground-based optical telescopes, radar and radio signal detector, can be used to detect and track the space object. However, restrictions by weather, geographical location and the time, make the monitoring of small target more difficult. Space-based optical monitoring technology can get better results to the monitoring of a small target. To build a space-based optical monitoring system needs a lot of manpower and material resources, so the detection algorithm and the project of monitoring have to test on the ground before launching to space. This paper analyzes the characteristics of space debris and space object surveillance, carries out a study on the ground using a computer to reproduce the stellar background star map, and proposes a method of space debris optical monitoring. The contents of this paper mainly include the following aspects.Firstly, this thesis introduces the space-based optical monitoring system and its time system and coordinate system, and analyzed the connection between the earth precession and nutation, then includes the related conceptions and mathematical formulas. And then study the satellite orbit model and the Keplerian orbital elements.Secondly, the thesis deals with the Tycho-2 catalogue and its format. The paper distills the sub-catalogue from the catalogue data as needed to reduce the amount of data.Thirdly, the paper adopts the zoning searching method to increase the search efficiency of star object. A method how to transform a sight position from mean position is researched. Detail transformation process and transformation formula are presented. According to the Satellite Orbit elements and the relation of satellite position and speed, achieve the transformation from star object to bitmap is achieved, update the star map optical axis is updated, and Dynamic Display is realized.Fourthly, the author developed a software system to reproduce stellar targets, including child star table extraction software, Stellar point target quick access module, a star chart display, and module save.Finally, a space debris optical monitoring scheme is proposed. Important parameters of the scheme are calculated.