| Rural power grid planning is the key of the development of rural power grid.The contents of rural power grid planning are to research the whole rural power grid,analyze the dynamic characteristic of rural power grid,research the rules of rural power requirement,and optimize structure of rural power grid.The aims of rural power grid planning are to improve the reliability of the power supply,and make the rural power grid be satisfied with power supply capacity,to meet the growth in demand for electricity in rural areas.It could make the ratio of capacities,active and reactive power trend to coordinate.It could make the rural power grid to be a power grid whose supply and consumption indexes are advanced,and who has updated equipments,reasonable structure,and advanced technology level.Rural power grid planning includes several interrelated components as follows:assessment and analysis of the status of rural power grid,electricity demand forecasting(including space load forecasting),the balance of power consumption,high voltage power grid planning,low voltage distribution grid planning,optimization of reactive power planning and power distribution automation planning and so on.The results of evaluation of rural power grid demand and electricity load forecast is the basis for the rural power grid planning.So it is of great realistic significance, especially for China's rapid economic growth of this country.In order to improve the scientific,regularity,and efficiency of rural power grid planning, information-based work has been the developing direction in the field of rural power grids planning. The main content is to build a GIS-based rural power grids planning system.In this paper,we studied in the aspects of comprehensive evaluation of rural electricity demand, and construction of the rural power grid planning system based on GIS.The main results and conclusions are as follows:(1) Rural power demand is influenced by political,social,economic,environmental,technological factors and so on.The relationships between these factors are complex.AHP method was used in comprehensive analysis and quantitative research of rural electricity power.At the first time, a three-tier AHP model of rural electricity demand was built.It was found that among the various factors which would influence the overall goal,the weight of economic development is 0.491.Most important,it showed the strong correlation between economic development and rural electricity demand.In the measures,the weight of industrial structure,climate,business climate index,energy saving,the macro-control was 0.104,0.08,0.068,0.066,and 0.066, respectively.They came out the top five,and were major factors impacting on rural electricity demand.Except the climate,the other factors are closely related with the country's economic policies and economic development.It suggested that,it was necessary to study the economic policies and economic development before studying rural electricity demand.Among the various factors,the weight of electricity price,GDP,per capita income,was 0.049,0.033,and 0.013.In all 26 factors,power price,GDP,per capita income was the 9th,13th,23rd, respectively.It showed that the influence of current adjustment of price,a simple GDP growth and increasing per capita income on the rural electricity demand was not large.The results helped to correctly grasp the new era of rural electricity demand characteristics and trends for the government and the power enterprises to strengthen the building of rural power grids to provide a reference for decision-making,but also for electricity production and business activities of enterprises to provide a basis for decision-making.(2) According to index theory and the three-tier AHP model impacting on rural power demand,a rural power demand comprehensive evaluation index system was established,and index evaluation methods of rural power demand was brought forward at the first time.In accordance with the scientific process,through quantitative and qualitative analysis,rural power demand index was designed.Systemic,objective and accurate comprehensive evaluation was made on the state of rural electricity demand in index form.Published in rural areas through the development of electricity demand index,it could dynamically reflect the status of demand for electricity in rural areas,which is conducive to scientific evaluation for management department,integrated horizontal comparison analysis on different areas to provide basis of decision making for production and business activities of enterprise.It is significant to improve rural production and operation of power grids management level.(3) Adopting geographic information system(GIS) development platform,a set of practical GIS-based rural power grid planning system was developed.The system adopted the Client / Server database architecture to store the planning data on the server.Planning database server was connected with SCADA,MIS,CIS and AM/FM/GIS systems.Load measurements data and grids data could be acquired from SCADA and AM/FM/GIS.The data which was used for loading research and forecast the consumption of electricity of users and electro-characteristic could be acquired from CIS.The planning data could be acquired from GIS system automatically.Clients included three application systems:load analysis system,feeder analysis systems and optimization planning system.GIS-based rural power grids planning system adopted four-tier system architecture model and "one center four points" grid planning resource management to design program.Grid planning resource management system was the center and control interface.The power grid structure tree,district structure tree,ring network structure tree and inspection information was used as the support,to unique combination of various functions such as power distribution network modeling,analysis and optimization.The system has compact structure,fast running,simple operation,with a high degree of confidentiality and security.(4) In view of forecast inaccuracy by the methods which applied in forecasting electricity demand in our country that has a such rapid economic growth,we studied and figured out several electricity demand forecasting methods,such as methods based on the grey GM(1,1) model, grey - Markov forecasting method,and the combination forecasting methods,which are more accurate.For the load forecasting methods in space,the improved trend method,land suitable emulation method which was suitable for characteristics of China's rural power grid space were used to research.(5) With the development of rural power grids,the demand for visualization technology has also increased.Using visualization technology will be able to effectively improve the rural power grids of data management,improve the ability both in showing important information and discovering rules among numerous data,as well as promoting management level of rural power grids.This article focuses on the functional expansion of the rural power grids system,as well as the superiority that GIS is able to manage geospatial data and attribute information simultaneously.This article also studies how to show the rules of electricity demand changes in rural areas more directly by using GIS,including electronic maps etc,which based on the WebGIS and power marketing management system and has been successful.(6) Data Interface and power grid modeling are important parts of building the rural power grid planning system.Based on the integration of data sharing technology,making concept of system and integration as designing ideology,it was the first time to advance rural power grid planning system and the related data system interface designing program.Through the use of FME,complex volatile external data was extracted,which could meet the demand of extracting data from external data sources flexibility.The CIM rural power grid model was developed by using object-oriented UML modeling language.It could ensure the characteristic of openness, flexibility,scalability of the rural power grid planning system.
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