The Research On The Scientific And Technological Ideology In Tang Hui Yao

Most of the Chinese ancient documents of scientific and technological ideology can be found in various kinds of history books, such as Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji. The administrative books compiled by Shi Ministry, which are the historical records about the systems of politics, economy, law and culture, contain invaluable information of scientific and technological ideology. As Xi Zezong suggests,"The research on the history of Chinese scientific and technological ideology can start with the study of every single book of Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji."Here we choose Tang Hui Yao as a typical example to carry out the research of scientific and technological ideology, which pioneers the research in the administrative books of Shi Ministry. This dissertation concludes scientific and technological ideology in Tang Hui Yao in a precise and systematic way. Simultaneously, it further illustrates the ideology theoretically, carrying itself with great theoretical value and significance.As far as the detailed content is concerned, the combination of mathematics with astronomic calendric system is the unique feature of the astronomic mathematical thinking in Tang Dynasty. Zeng Yihang and Li Chunfeng have made great contributions to mathematics. And the most accurate geodesic data made by Zeng Yihang was recorded in Tang Hui Yao. In terms of agriculture, Tang Dynasty is also unparalleled in the prevention and cure of plant diseases and insect pests, especially in the knowledge about and the measures against locusts. During Tang Dynasty, the irrigation works of the farmlands was improved and livestock breeding industry was also developing very fast. The agricultural thinking at that time was characterized by the introduction of horses of fine breed. In terms of biology, the plants science and ecology in Tang Dynasty laid much emphasis on the seed selection, auspicious sign, hybridizing, the labelling textual research and the insect research, the protection of gardening plants and biological resources. The medical thinking during Tang Dynasty is characterized by the maturity of medical system, the perfection of medical educational institutions, the compiling of medical books, the progress in clinical medical diagnosis and treatment, and especially by the great development of the clinical medical sections and the pursuit of medical theories. In the field of physics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, magnetics and calorifics played important roles during Tang Dynasty. Among them the emphasis and research on metrology and lens were the most significant. In terms of chemistry, the knowledge about alchemy and herbalism, the advancement of brewing technology, paper-making and printing technology contributed to the brilliance of chemical thinking during Tang Dynasty. The construction of palaces, capitals, dwelling houses, mausoleums, temples, towers and bridges, together with the building of gardens, especially royal gardens, indicated the rich and colourful architectural thinking at that time. The emperor mausoleum construction is a turn in the mausoleum architectural thinking. In the aspect of textile industry, Tang Dynasty laid weight on the improvement of textile technology and the strengthening of government control over the textile manufacturing. Besides, the development of metal handicraft industry and traditional founding technology was also attached great importance to. The progress in the building of warships and Fujian vessel embodied the technological thinking of shipbuilding in Tang Dynasty. Water transportation and navigation were emphasized and the system of sea transportation management was perfected. The improvement of mapping technology, the initiation of making maps and graphs with notes, the careful recordings of natural disasters, the exploration of the riverhead of the Yellow River, and the strengthening of wwilderness investigation constituted the geographical thinking in Tang Dynasty. The technological development of minority nationality was advocated and the communication of science and technology was also carried out. This dissertation makes a thorough and systematic refinement and illustration on the important ideology of science and technology recorded in Tang Hui Yao.Scientific thinking is the basis and method on which science comes into existence and develops. It also includes the thinking essence in the scientific achievements. The scientific and technological thinking in Tang Dynasty not only includes the rational exploration of scientific and technological knowledge itself, but also involves the influences of such environmental factors as society, economy and culture. These in turn compose the accumulation of science and technology at the height of power and glamour in ancient China, which is essential for a country, a nation to advance its science and technology. The historical heritage endows our country with precious experience on how to prosper and make our country powerful. While from the perspective of the developing process of science and technology, scientific thinking has a certain degree of sustaining force. Thinking can give birth to more thinking. Human beings can not only generate new ideas from real life, from the manufacturing practice and from scientific experiments, but also gain valuable new thinking and enhance scientific knowledge through the reading of classic books, which become precious fortune. The organic combination of these two is a necessary step in boosting the development of science and technology.