Study On Ecological Compensation Mechanism In Development Of Coal Resources In Datong

Though as the important energy-chemical industry base of our country, Datong's sustainable development has been severely compromised by the environment destruction and pollution caused by the coal exploitation. So, a mechanism for ecological compensation during coal exploitation will have a vital practical significance in the protection and governance of Datong's ecological environment. Such a mechanism is good for the efficient and continuous development of local economy. The perfect ecological compensation mechanism can achieve better social benefits with lower costs.In this thesis, based on relevant theories, author applies methods of literature summary, positive analysis and Qualitative combined with quantitative analysis to collect and analyze the data concerned about development status of Datong's coal exploitation. It's shown that problems caused by the coal exploitation include resource depletion, water contamination, atmospheric contamination, surface destroy. The real reasons for those problems are: lack of relevant legislations and funds needed to protect the environments, poor equipment for coal exploitation and shortage of professional, lack of government supervision and low degree of public participation.The mechanism for ecological compensation put forward in this thesis is well-founded on the analysis of data concerned about development status of Datong's coal exploitation. So, it's a operable mechanism.A well-founded ecological compensation mechanism should include but not limited the following three elements: the compensation relationship between subject and object, a compensation standard and compensation mode being used. A clear relationship between subject and object is the basis for a well-founded compensation mechanism; the subjects being researched in this thesis are payment of the subject and repayment of principal while the objects are compensation gist and forms of payment. Among those factors, compensation standard is the ruler of all. Compensation standard consist of governance cost and loss cost of the ecological damage and the loss cost of pollution. Though direct and indirect calculation, Datong's cost of eco-compensation is 1.69% of the overall cost of production. It's a reasonable number. The complexity in Datong's development determines that a combined mode should be manipulated. Specifically, modes includes a new and old mine divided-governance pattern, enterprise-bear pattern, government-bear pattern, funded by both enterprise and government but managed by government pattern and a consultation management mode composed by mine enterprise and local resident.In the implementation of Datong's ecological compensation mechanism, the equity principle, administrative remedy principle as well as non- administrative remedy principle should all be well upheld. The extent of responsibility for central government, local government, mining companies and local resident must be clarified. The concrete measures needed to constitute such a mechanism are followings: building a sound legal system as legal basis, renewing the tax system related to coal exploitation industry as financial backup, establishing an ecological environmental governance committee with experts in this filed, increasing public participation by enhancing people's awareness. Only in those ways, can we really achieve the harmony between the resource development and environmental protection and then will we maintain the sustainable economic development of Datong.The innovative points in this thesis are followings: calculating the specific compensation standard of Datong's ecological compensation mechanism, constituting an ecological compensation mechanism specific for Datong's feature.