| [Objective]Based on the literature research, this study is to develop a useful instrument for measuring professional values which refer to informed Nursing Professional Values Scale abroad, and to study the present status of nursing professional values of nursing students and practicing nurses and probe the influence factors, aim to provide theory evidence and evaluative standard for nursing educators and administers for the education and cultivation of nursing professional values, enhance professional socialization of nursing student, advance professional quality and level of professional values of nursing students and practicing nurses, and fulfill the social needs on high-quality nursing service.[Methods]The study comprised two phases.The first phase was development of Nursing Professional Values Scale. On the basis of literature research, the first draft was finished using informed nursing professional values scale abroad for reference. The items were revised according to expert validity analysis and preexamination questionaire was finished. By cluster and stratified sampling, a total of 360 participants including nursing students and practicing nurses was selected for the pre-investigation. Construct validity was tested by exploratory factor analysis and the scale was evaluated by reliability analysis.The second phase was questionnaire survey. By cluster and stratified sampling, a total of 600 participants including nursing students and practicing nurses was selected for the survey study. The practicing nurses was selected from 3A grade hospitals of beijing including Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing chest Hospital and Peking union medical college Hospital; the junior and senior nursing students was selected from Medical Colleges including Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University and Peking University Health Science Center. Nursing Professional Values Scale was used for the survey. All the data is put into the software spss 13.0 for statistical analysis, by the methods of descriptive statistics, variance analysis and regression analysis, in order to analyse the present status of nursing students and practicing nurses'professional values and the influence factors. [Results]1,Analysis of the reliability and validity of Nursing Professional Values Scale:Construct validity is tested by exploratory factor analysis, principal component analysis indicates that a five-factor reasonable solution explaining 55.109% of the common variance is supported, and the five factors are named Caring, Altruism, Integrity, Activism and Professionalism. Findings supported internal consistency reliability with Cronbach's a coefficients from 0.729 to 0.934 and test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.651 (P<0.01), the results show that the scale has good reliability and validity.2. The actuality of nursing professional values of subjects:The survey shows that nursing students and practicing nurses in Beijing hold a higher level of nursing professional values. The average score of Scale items is 2.96±0.994～4.02±0.851, and the mean score of all items is higher than 3.00 except for item 15. The mean score of five factors of nursing professional values is 3.30±0.677～3.84±0.614, the factor of Caring has the highest score, followed by the factor of Intergrity, and the factor of Altruism lists the lowest.3,Comparison of nursing professional values between nursing students and practicing nurses:The findings show that nursing professional values scores of nursing students are significantly higher than practicing nurses (P<0.05), and nursing students identification with the factor "Altruism" is also significantly higher than practicing nurses (P<0.01).4,Comparison of nursing professional values of nursing students in different ranks: Different schools and political status nursing students show no statistical difference in the total scale and factor scores of nursing professional values. There isn't statistical difference in the total scale scores of professional values of nursing students in different grades and family background. The junior nursing students identification with the factor "Caring" is significantly higher than senior nursing students (P<0.05); nursing students in rural families recognition with the factors "Activism and Professionalism" is significantly higher than in urban families (P<0.05).5,Comparison of professional values of practicing nurses in different ranks:There is no statistical difference in the total scale scores of professional values of practicing nurses among different hospitals, practicing nurses in West hospital recognition with the factor "Altruism" is significantly higher than in TCM hospital (P<0.05). Practicing nurses of different working years show significant difference in the total scale scores of nursing professional values (P<0.01), recognition with the factors "Caring, Integrity and Professionalism" is significant different (P<0.05).There is no statistical difference in the total scale scores of professional values of practicing nurses among different professional titles, recognition with the factor "Professionalism" is significant different (P<0.05).Practicing nurses of different education background show significant difference in the total scale scores of nursing professional values (P<0.01), recognition with the factors "Caring, Integrity and Professionalism" is significant different (P<0.01).Practicing nurses of different monthly income show significant difference in the total scale scores of nursing professional values (P<0.01), recognition with the factors "Altruism" is significant different (P<0.01).6,The influencing factors on professional values of practicing nurses:Taking nursing professional values as the dependent variable, and general data of practicing nurses including age, working years, professional titles, education background and monthly income as the independent variables, by multiple stepwise regression analysis, the result show working years and monthly income are important influencing factors.[Conclusions]Nursing Professional Values Scale developed in the study has good reliability and validity, which is a useful instrument for measuring professional values of nursing students and practicing nurses. The survey indicates that nursing professional values of nursing students and practicing nurses in Beijing is at a higher level in general, there is statistical difference in recognition with professional values and its five factors of nursing students and practicing nurses in different ranks, working years and monthly income are important influencing factors. It suggested that nursing educators and administers could choose effective methods according to the condition to improve nursing professional values.
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