Evaluation Of Financing Value Of Patent Pledge For Small And Medium-Sized Sci-Tech Enterprises

The difficulty of financing is the bottleneck of the development of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises.Using patent pledge loan can not only make the patent be effectively used,but also be a powerful means to solve the financing problem of enterprises.The number of registered patent pledges and the total amount of financing in China increased from 93 in 2008 and 1.4 billion yuan to 7,060 and155.8 billion yuan in 2020,both in terms of pledge amount and pledge amount.However,compared with the increase of authorized amount,there is still a big gap in the number of pledged patents,and the patents owned by enterprises have not been effectively used and transformed.One of the difficulties of patent pledge financing lies in the evaluation of patent pledge value.Because of the complexity of influencing factors of patent value and the lack of operable,scientific and efficient evaluation methods,banks and enterprises can’t reach a unified opinion on the evaluation results,so the patent pledge financing business can’t be handled smoothly.Therefore,we should evaluate the value of patent pledge scientifically,efficiently and reasonably,and promote the further development of patent pledge financing of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises in China.Based on the above problems,this paper reviews the literature research and related concepts of patent pledge financing value evaluation at home and abroad,and finds that the current three traditional evaluation methods,namely,cost method,market method and income method,and the emerging evaluation methods derived from them all have limitations in different degrees.Because the income method is more in line with the actual needs of objective reality and can maximize the value,this paper chooses to use the income method model to evaluate the value of the pledged patent pledge of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises.However,it is difficult and subjective to determine the income sharing rate in the model.Generally,experts score or evaluators weight the indicators according to their experience.However,with the economic development and technological progress,the importance of various influencing factors to the income sharing rate is constantly changing.Therefore,this paper constructs the index system of influencing factors of adjustment coefficient from five dimensions:patent technology,enterprise,market,law and macro,introduces the CRITIC weight method on the basis of AHP,and determines the weight of each index according to the historical data of pledged enterprises,so that it is relatively in line with the development and changes of the market.In this paper,the subjective and objective methods are used to calculate the index weight,and the professional analysis of experts and the objective market rules are integrated,which can improve the subjectivity of determining the income share rate.Then,according to the characteristics and laws of the industry in which the case enterprises are located,the parameters of income years,expected income and discount rate in the income method model are calculated,respectively,so as to obtain the evaluation value of patents.The weight result calculated by entropy method is set as the control group of AHP-critical method.According to the evaluation results,it can be seen that entropy method only considers the dispersion degree between index data,while the calculation of critical weight method includes two indexes of volatility and correlation.The evaluation value of patent pledge under AHP-critical method is closer to the actual pledge amount.Finally,this paper looks forward to the shortcomings of this paper.