| The results of the seventh national census in 2020 show that the proportion of people over 60 years old in rural areas in China is 23.81%,7.99 percentage points higher than that in urban areas,and the degree of rural aging is more serious than that of urban areas.The "20th National Congress" of the Communist Party of China proposed to establish and practice a positive concept of aging,and improving the rural endowment insurance system is the top priority of the rural revitalization strategy,from the implementation of the new rural insurance in 2009 to the merger of urban and rural residents’ endowment insurance in 2014,China’s rural endowment insurance has undergone a series of deepening reforms,the state also expects to walk out of a road of old-age care with Chinese characteristics through the combination of social endowment insurance and family intergenerational support,but will pension insurance as a formal system have an impact on the traditional family intergenerational pension model? That is,whether family intergenerational support will change the content of intergeneration transfer due to the intervention of pension insurance?This is a question worth pondering.The analysis of the influence effect of rural endowment insurance on family intergenerational support is not only helpful to clarify the interrelationship between “social pension” and “family pension”,but also helpful to evaluate the policy effectiveness of rural endowment insurance from the perspective of family support capacity.The thesis defines family intergenerational support as a one-way informal support,which is manifested as upward financial support and care support for children.On the basis of the classification and overview of domestic and foreign literature,the mechanism of influence of endowment insurance on the intergeneration support of the elderly in rural China is analyzed with the support of intergenerational exchange motivation and substitution effect,and then the data of CHARLS are selected for empirical analysis.Firstly,the Probit model was used to verify the impact of rural endowment insurance on intergenerational economic support and intergenerational care support,and the robustness test is carried out by using instrumental variables,propensity score matching,substitution models and replacement of explanatory variables.Secondly,the role of the mediating variable of intergenerational care time in the influence of rural pension insurance on intergenerational economic support was analyzed.Finally,the bivariate Probit model is used to creatively study the interrelationship between dimensions of generational support.The results show that,on the one hand,rural endowment insurance based on exchange motivation will significantly “squeeze” into intergenerational economic support,that is the probability of providing financial support to the children of insured elderly parents is 4.1%higher than that of the children of uninsured elderly parents.The intergenerational care time plays an intermediary role between endowment insurance and intergenerational economic support,that is,endowment insurance can increase the non-labor income of the elderly,reduce working time,increase leisure time,thereby increasing intergenerational care time,and children will increase economic support for parents based on intergenerational exchange motivation.On the other hand,based on the substitution effect,rural endowment insurance will significantly "squeeze out" intergenerational care support,and the probability of children of insured elderly parents providing care support is 3.1% lower than that of children of uninsured elderly parents,and there is obvious substitution between economic support and care support.Based on the above research results,this thesis puts forward suggestions from three aspects: promoting the construction of the financial system of old-age insurance,meeting the care needs of the elderly,and improving the social support system for the elderly in rural areas,in order to provide more complete old-age security for the rural elderly. |
