| With the development of population aging process,the old-age care problem has become a focus topic in the world,and the social problems brought by the change of population structure need to be solved.The aging of population is fast and the number of elderly population is large,so the problem of population aging is particularly serious.In addition,the pension pressure at this stage is beyond the level of economic development of our country,we can see that if the problem of population aging is not properly handled,the economic and social development of our country will be restricted in the next period of time.The construction of the pension insurance system,as one of the important measures to deal with aging population,has been concerned by our country.The pension security system of our country has been continuously explored and developed for a long time.A multi-level pension security system with basic pension for urban staff and urban and rural residents as the core has been realized.At the same time,family old-age care still occupies an important position in China’s old-age care,especially in rural areas,where the intergenerational interaction mode of "child-support" is still the mainstream.It can be said that social old-age care methods such as the endowment insurance system are a powerful supplement to family old-age care.In this context,exploring the relationship between urban and rural residents’ pension insurance and family pension has important practical significance for promoting the development of pension security system and improving the ability of pension security.From the perspective of the impact of social pension on family pension in rural areas,this paper studies the effect of basic pension insurance system for urban and rural residents on two-way intergenerational support for rural family pension,and further explores the mechanism of basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents and rural residents family pension.First,based on the life cycle theory,intergenerational wealth flow theory,private transfer payment motivation theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,this paper explores the internal mechanism of the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents and two-way intergenerational support for rural families.Then,the data of China Health and Pension Tracking Survey(CHARLS)in 2018 were selected to analyze the effects of the basic endowment insurance system for urban and rural residents on the bi-generational economic support,life care and spiritual comfort of families by using the breakpoint regression method,and indicators were introduced to test the robustness of the breakpoint regression model.At the same time,the heterogeneity of policies among different insured groups was investigated.The results show that receiving the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents has no significant effect on the intergenerational economic support and spiritual comfort of rural families,but in terms of life care,it significantly reduces the life care support of rural families’ children to their parents,and increases the life care time of parents to their children.The heterogeneity analysis of rural families with different number of children and different marital status shows that the intensity of parental care support to children is affected by the number of children and the marital status of the elderly,and the parental care support to children is stronger in families with more children and families with good marital status.From the perspective of intergenerational support,receiving the basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents will release part of the economic constraints of the elderly,reduce the intensity of agricultural production labor of the elderly,and enhance the "inverse feeding" effect on the children.From the perspective of intergenerational support,receiving endowment insurance for urban and rural residents will reduce children’s attention to the elderly,especially the contradiction between supply and demand of the elderly in spirit and emotion will be more prominent.Based on the above research results,this paper proposes that the payment level of basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents should be improved,and a rural social endowment service system with life care as the core should be built,in order to realize the integrated development of social endowment and family endowment. |
