The Measurement And Influencing Factors Of The Development Level Of Open Economy In Western China

With the correct guidance and implementation of the reform and opening up policy,the country’s open economy ushered in a breakthrough development,but because of its outstanding geographical advantages,the coastal areas seize the opportunity first,so the development level of the open economy from east to west presents a gradient decline,which is not conducive to the improvement of the overall development level of the country’s open economy.Since the first round of western development,opening-up has become the core of economic development in the western region.Therefore,it is a difficult problem that must be solved in the future development of China’s open economy to rapidly and correctly improve the development level of the open economy in the western region and reduce or even eliminate the gap between the development level of the open economy in the eastern and central regions.This requires not only an in-depth understanding of the measurement of the development level of the open economy in the western region and the gap between it and the eastern and central regions,but also a clear understanding of the core factors that can influence the development of the open economy in the western region and their influence direction,so as to promote the structural adjustment of the open economy in the western region from the source.So as to improve the overall level of open economic development in the western region.This is of great theoretical and practical significance for the western region’s open economy to achieve rapid growth and maintain steady growth.Starting from the core explanation of the concept of open economy,this paper divides it into four dimensions: trade opening,investment opening,economic cooperation and service opening,and systematically analyzes the general situation of the development of open economy in western China from 2011 to 2020.Based on the analysis results,the index system of the development level of the open economy in the western region is constructed.Entropy weight method,difference coefficient method and ESDA exploratory spatial data analysis are used to explore the measurement size of the development level of the open economy in the western region,inter-regional and intra-regional differences,and the global and local spatial correlation.And through the establishment of two-way fixed effect model to the western region of the open economic development level of the factors of empirical analysis.The empirical results show that:(1)During the decade from 2011 to 2020,the development level of the open economy in the western region presents a trend of steady rise;In different regions,it shows that ethnic minority autonomous regions lag behind,and other regions,especially Chongqing in Sichuan,take the lead.The inter-regional gap of ethnic autonomous areas is smaller than that of other provinces in western China;The development level of the open economy in the western region has formed a relatively stable spatial pattern.(2)Industrial structure transformation and upgrading,technological innovation level and human capital stock can promote the development of open economy,while the scale of financial development can inhibit the development of open economy.Based on this,in order to improve the development level of open economy in western China,reduce or even eliminate the differences in the development level of open economy among different provinces,cities and autonomous regions in western China,and promote the coordinated and stable development of open economy among 12 provinces,cities and autonomous regions in western China,the following suggestions are put forward: narrow the gap within the western region and promote the all-round development of the open economy;optimize the industrial structure and promote industrial upgrading;increase research and development investment,enhance product brand competitiveness;strengthen investment in human resources and vigorously introduce talents;continue to reform the financial system and improve the internal structure of the financial sector.