Research On The Distribution Pattern Of Value-added Income Of Collectively-owned Commercial Construction Land Entering The Market

Under the background of rapid urbanization and industrialization in our country,due to the urban-rural dual opposition between land systems,the imbalance between supply and demand of construction land has become more and more prominent.It is also contrary to the transformation direction of our country’s supply-side reform and factor market development.After years of practical exploration and 5 years of closed pilot projects,the entry of collectively-owned commercial construction land into the market was officially included in the new "Land Administration Law" in2020.This is of great significance for building a unified urban and rural construction land market,narrowing the urban-rural income gap,and achieving common prosperity.In the process of practice,whether the system design is reasonable,whether there is coordination between departments,and whether the interests of various subjects can be taken into account have become the key issues of reform,among them,the distribution of interests is the core focus that affects the success of institutional innovation.Therefore,it is a research topic with theoretical and practical significance to study the distribution of land value-added income of collective commercial construction land entering the market.On the premise of adhering to Marxist historical materialism and the basic principles of political economy,this paper comprehensively uses the methods of unification of history and logic,combination of specification and demonstration,and systematic analysis.According to the research logic of "raising problems,analyzing problems and solving problems",it starts the distribution model of land value-added income among local governments,peasant collectives and individual peasants from the macro,meso and micro levels to carry out an in-depth analysis.This paper is divided into seven chapters,the specific contents are as follows:The first chapter is the introduction.First introduced the selected topic background and research significance of this article,then the relevant literature is systematically sorted and reviewed from three perspectives of the land property right system,the collectively-owned construction land entering the market,and the distribution pattern of land value-added income.And then introduces the idea and method of research,finally reveals the possible innovations and deficiencies in this paper.The second chapter is the concept definition and theoretical basis.Firstly,clearly define the concept related to value-added income of collectively-owned commercial construction land entering the market.Then systematically explain Marx’s thought of ownership and theory of property rights,Western theory of property rights,right division theory with Chinese characteristics and theory of land development right.Finally build up the analysis frame of this article.The third chapter is the evolution of collectively-owned commercial construction land entering the market.Firstly,this paper sorts the historical origin of the collectively-owned commercial construction land and the evolution of the relevant policies of entering the market.The second,decomposes the source of the value-added income of land and analyzes the distribution pattern under the traditional land expropriation system by stages,once again,analyzes the scale of collective commercial construction land and the transaction status after the policy liberalization.Finally,the paper proposes to construct a new land value-added income distribution pattern that takes into account the state,collective and farmers.The fourth chapter is the distribution pattern of land value-added income at macro level.Firstly,it sorts out three kinds of rights attribution theories and identifies the theory of "taking into account both public and private" as the basic idea of this paper.Then through the quantitative analysis,it is found that the current adjustment fund policies in various regions have great differences in the proportion of collection and distribution and use.Finally,it analyzes that entering the market of collective commercial construction land may lead to fiscal and financial risks and the loss of cultivated land and grain risks at the macro level.The fifth chapter is the distribution pattern of land value-added income at the meso level.At first,the allocation of land development right is proposed as the core problem of land value-added income distribution in inter-regional.Then,the spatial drift trading mechanism of land use right is used as an example to explain the current model of value-added income distribution in inter-regional.Finally,it is analyzed that this system may cause the risk of collective income differentiation between developed and less developed areas and different main functional areas at the mesolevel.The sixth chapter is the distribution pattern of land value-added income at micro level.Firstly,it puts forward that the premise of improving the distribution relationship of land value-added income within the collective is the transformation of collective legal personality and the construction of farmers’ property rights.Then,it expounds the two main patterns of the collective internal distribution.Finally,it is analyzed that based on principal-agent relationship and farmer differentiation phenomenon may lead to insider control risk and income differentiation risk at the micro level.The seventh chapter is the conclusion and suggestion.On the basis of the above theoretical analysis and data support,this paper puts forward targeted suggestions from three levels of macro,meso and micro respectively.The main conclusions of this paper have the following four points: First,the distribution of land value-added income is related to the formation of land interest pattern and deeper social equity and justice issues,which is the core content of collective commercial construction land entering the market.Second,it is legitimate for the government to participate in the distribution of land value-added income.In the short term,the government can share the income through the Land value-added income adjustment fund,but in the long term,the fund should be included in the collection of land value-added tax.Third,due to the differences in the initial empowerment and innate endowments of different regions,it may lead to the risk of income differentiation among collectives in different regions.Fourth,the distribution pattern of land value-added income within the collective is quite different in the proportion of collective retention.The author believes that more attention should be paid to sustainable development and more income should be used to develop the collective economy,but be alert to possible insider control and income differentiation risks within collective.The possible innovation point of this paper is to research the distribution pattern of land value-added income of collective-owned commercial construction land entering the market from a more comprehensive perspective.Especially under the guidance of the theory of land development right,the land interest relationship at the mesolevel,which is less concerned before,is brought into the analysis framework,which has certain reference value for promoting the rural revitalization and deepening the land system reform in China.