Study On Part-time Employment Of Rural Labor Force In Characteristic Agriculture Development

General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed in the report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that develop rural characteristic industries and broaden the channels for farmers to increase income and get rich.Limited land resource endowment,fragmentary land planting mode,inherent attribute of seasonal agricultural production,the utility of land and farmers,and the contradiction between the huge cost of giving up agriculture and the inability of agricultural income to sustain livelihood caused by planting characteristic agriculture,farmers have enough agricultural labor capacity,and rural families pursue a better life make rural labor choose "busy farming,idle farming" Labor "" half work half farming" mode of production activities.Based on the rational choice of realistic conditions,the rural labor force part-time is inevitable.Firstly,this paper reviews the relevant literature at home and abroad and expounds the relevant theories used in this paper.Secondly,through questionnaire survey,the employment characteristics of rural labor force in Wudu prickly ash planting area of Longnan were summarized,and the feasibility of part-time employment of rural labor force was analyzed.Thirdly,from the perspective of empirical analysis,the following analysis is carried out: First,from the perspective of family,the use of ordinary least squares model to explore the impact of characteristic agriculture on family part-time decision-making;Second,from the perspective of individual,the author used Logistic model,multiple Logistic model and ordinary least squares model to discuss the influence of characteristic agriculture on rural labor’s individual part-time decision-making from three aspects: whether rural labor chooses part-time employment,location choice of non-agricultural employment in the process of part-time employment,and duration of non-agricultural employment in the process of part-time employment.From the second point of view,the replacement model,the replacement explanatory variable and the first-order lag model of the independent variable are used to test the robustness of the effect of characteristic industries on the part-time employment of rural labor force.The adjustment effect is used to further analyze the influence of characteristic agriculture on the part-time employment of rural labor force from the perspective of family.Finally,on the basis of comprehensive theoretical exposition,current situation analysis and empirical analysis,countermeasures are put forward from two aspects of characteristic agricultural development and improving rural labor employment.The main conclusions of the paper are as follows:First,the survey results show that the age structure of the main labor force planting prickly ash is younger;The low education level of rural labor force becomes a stumbling block for rural labor force to engage in non-agricultural field work;The ratio of male to female labor force in part-time rural labor force is 7:3;In terms of gender,the non-agricultural fields of male rural labor force were mainly concentrated in "construction","transportation,warehousing and postal" and "manufacturing",while the non-agricultural fields of female rural labor force were mainly concentrated in "accommodation and catering","education" and "manufacturing".In the past three years,the proportion of rural labor who chose to work in the non-agricultural field is about 48%,19%,6% and 28%,respectively.In the time allocation of part-time employment of rural labor,the time of rural labor’s investment in non-agricultural fields is mainly concentrated in 5.4 to 7.2 months.Second,from the perspective of family,the study on the impact of characteristic agriculture on part-time farming of rural labor force found that: every increase of one unit of per capita planting area of characteristic agriculture in the family,the number of people who choose part-time farming for production activities decreased by 0.117 units at the significance level of 1%.Secondly,from the perspective of individuals,the research results of the impact of characteristic agriculture on part-time employment of rural labor force show that:(1)The probability of rural labor force choosing part-time employment decreases by 0.5996 units with the increase of per capita planting area of characteristic agriculture in the household;(2)The per capita area of characteristic agriculture is an important factor affecting the duration of nonagricultural employment in part-time employment of rural labor;(3)Characteristic agriculture reduces the probability of rural labor’s non-agricultural employment location choosing to work "outside the city" or "outside the city" in part-time employment,and has little influence on the probability of rural labor’s nonagricultural employment location choosing to work "inside the county" or "outside the province" in part-time employment.Thirdly,from the perspective of family,the further analysis of the influence of characteristic agriculture on part-time employment of rural labor force shows that:first,the family financial assets have a significant moderating effect on the influence of characteristic agriculture on the number of part-time employment of rural labor force;Second,family financial assets strengthen the role of characteristic agriculture on the number of family part-time employment.