Research On The Influencing Factors And Compensation Mechanism Of Farmers’ Willingness To Withdraw Their Homestead In Linyi City

With the development of the economy and society,more and more farmers in our country are entering urban work and life,and the quality of life and urbanization level of farmers are constantly improving.However,after farmers enter the city,their rural homesteads are not properly treated,resulting in a large amount of idle homesteads.On the one hand,there is a shortage of urban construction land and high land prices.On the other hand,there is a large amount of idle homestead land,which not only leads to low efficiency in land resource allocation,but also prevents farmers from obtaining property income through homestead land.In order to revitalize the idle homestead and promote the flow of urban and rural land resources,the Party and the government have successively introduced some policies and measures since 2008 to explore the path of homestead system reform.In 2018,the No.1 central document of the Central Committee proposed to explore the "separation of three rights" of homestead.In the process of reforming the homestead system,some farmers in certain regions actively withdraw from homesteads,improving their own lives and increasing property income while optimizing land resource allocation.However,in other regions,farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads is not high or even strongly opposed.Therefore,studying the influencing factors of farmers’ willingness to withdraw from their homesteads is of great significance for enriching relevant theories and promoting the practice of homestead reform.In the reform of the "three rights separation" of homesteads in Linyi City,Shandong Province,there has been a common situation where farmers are unwilling to withdraw from homesteads.To understand the factors that affect farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads,this study conducted on-site inspections and in-depth interviews in rural areas of Linyi City,forming a preliminary understanding.In Western legal and economic theory,homestead is a typical form of personal property.Personality property refers to the property with personality interests and attached with the emotional and spiritual factors of the property owner.It is the property whose loss compensation is significantly higher than its market price.The part of compensation for loss of personal property higher than the market price is based on the premium of personal property,which is defined as the premium of personal property in this study.Guided by the theory of personal property and combined with the results of in-depth interviews,this study regards homesteads as personal property.A survey questionnaire was designed from four aspects: individual characteristics of farmers,family characteristics,homestead characteristics,and personal property characteristics.A more comprehensive survey was conducted,and the survey data was analyzed using a multivariate ordered Logit model.The empirical analysis results show that farmers’ taking homestead as their physical and mental home is a de facto personal property.The main factor affecting farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homestead is withdrawal compensation.If the withdrawal compensation is only equivalent to the market price or even lower than the market price,farmers are unwilling to withdraw from homestead.If the withdrawal compensation can meet farmers’ satisfaction,most farmers are willing to withdraw from homestead.The successful exit of homesteads in other regions of China and Shouguang City,Shandong Province,has shown that exit compensation including personal property premium is a key factor in promoting farmers to exit homesteads.Based on the theory of personality property and drawing on the experience of Shouguang City,this study designed a compensation mechanism for the withdrawal of homestead land and proposed a compensation standard for the withdrawal based on personality property premium.The compensation for the withdrawal of homestead land=compensation for homestead land+compensation for attachments on land+compensation for personality property+other compensation,and based on this,proposed countermeasures and suggestions.In order to improve the efficiency of homestead utilization,increase farmers’ property income,and promote urban-rural integration development,farmers should be encouraged to withdraw from homestead while fully respecting their wishes and protecting their rights and interests.Regard homestead as personal property,and compensate the personal property characteristics of homestead in the way of personal property premium beyond the market price;Establish a government led organizational guarantee system for the withdrawal of homesteads to effectively safeguard the interests of farmers;Provide multiple exit compensation schemes for farmers to choose from in the homestead exit project;Adapt measures to local conditions and carry out resettlement work after exiting according to local conditions;Carry out policy promotion and adopt a gradual approach to the withdrawal of homesteads.