A Study On The Exit Mechanism Of Rural Homestead

Homestead is a kind of welfare for rural residents.To protect the homestead is intended to protect the basic rights and interests of farmers.The rural homestead system formed in the planned economy period,it made a great contribution to the rapid development of industrialization in China,especially for the farmers' life stability.However,the development of urbanization beginning from 90's had broken the balance between homestead system and the needs of social development.With China's social transformation and economic transition,system of house-site in the countryside and urban and rural areas as a whole development causes some friction,rural residents' rights and interests are violated.A variety of social problems has gradually become a heated issue.There are some questions as follows:the characters of non-marketing and free of charge and without cost make the homestead wasted and inefficient,rural housing land scattered layout,seriously restrict the efficient utilization of rural land,"One more curtilage" and exceeded land area do not conform to the stipulations of the national land policy.Therefore,the establishment of the exit mechanism of house-site in the countryside is the objective demand of the rural land resources allocation efficiency,it is the need to maintain the land legitimate rights and interests of the farmers,to ensure the rural social harmony and stability,and it is the key to the coordinate development between urban and rural,to protect arable land strictly.This paper on the basis of in-depth study on the property rights system including land property rights and homestead property rights,and considering the current situation of the rural land system and land use of our country includes the following three aspects.(1)Since the founding of our country,the evolution of rural land system in our country from the homestead completely private gradually to "one house,two systems"--owned by the collective land ownership and use rights owned by farmers.After evolution,we can determine the connotation of the system of rural land in our country,mainly includes: "a house,two systems",limited the flow,"a family a house" and the area not to exceed bid.In the current rural homestead system,the lack of right to use makes the use of homestead inefficient,the fuzzy ownership and obligation of use right restricts the transfer of homestead,the lack of land development right damages farmer's rights.The status quo of rural homestead in China mainly include low efficiency of house-site in the countryside,farmer's land rights cannot be guaranteed in land acquisition and a private deals in the house-site in the countryside.With the rapid development of economic society,the contradiction between the current land system and the new type of urbanization is increasingly outstanding,the homestead exit is one of the important breakthrough to solve the contradiction.(2)This paper makes a analysis of the driving force of homestead exit based on the current status of rural homestead use and the goal to promote the urban and rural integration and the push-pull theory,and makes a analysis of the problems of homestead exit in Dawu village by doing a visiting investigation.Besides,this paper makes a survey including the condition of homestead in Dawu village,one of villages in Henan province,choosing 121 families total 367 people to grasp each family's basic situation,homestead using and the will of homestead exiting by the way of doing questionnaire.After sorting the questionnaire date,we could know that the labor transfers to the city and town gradually,there exists idle homestead,the farmer's withdrawal will objectively exist.And combining with the actual situation of the village,this paper constructs the homestead exit mechanism suitable for the development of the village,including the homestead exit mode,the homestead withdrawal compensation way and the homestead withdrawal arrangement.During the process of discussing the homestead exit compensation mode,this paper has built the homestead exit compensation value system,calculated out the specific way of measuring value compensation,and investigated sample farmer's situation to calculate the homestead exit compensation,which enriches the research method based on farmer's angle.(3)To resolve the main problems in the processing of homestead exiting mechanism,this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations,mainly including to perfect the land property rights system,improve the homestead exit compensation mechanism,establish a diversified housing security system,regulate government behavior and improve the farmers' main status.