Research On The Impact Of Digital Infrastructure On Domestic Added Value Of Manufacturing Exports

Under the background of the in-depth development of economic globalization,the mode of production internationalization is more diversified.Each economy in the global production network participates in a specific stage of production and benefits from it,and the export scale calculated by the traditional customs clearance method can no longer accurately reflect the actual trade volume,trade benefit distribution and value-added belonging to domestic production of each country.At the same time,with the continuous advancement of digital economy innovation projects,the construction of digital infrastructure represented by the fifth generation of mobile communication technology(5G),cloud computing,and the Internet of Things is in the ascendant.Especially in the context of the normalization of the epidemic,digital infrastructure has shown strong development resilience,and its own digital and intelligent characteristics provide new scientific and technological support for the development of the manufacturing industry,injecting new vitality into the development of international trade and the reconstruction of the global value chain.Therefore,based on the perspective of digital infrastructure,this paper deeply discusses its impact on manufacturing trade profits.(1)Based on endogenous growth theory and human capital theory,combined with the characteristics of digital infrastructure,this paper proposes that the effect of technological innovation and the advanced effect of human capital are the main transmission paths for digital infrastructure to increase the domestic added value of manufacturing exports: First,digital infrastructure will highly penetrate into the R&D,design,production,processing and sales services of the entire manufacturing industry chain,improve the innovation level and efficiency of the manufacturing value chain,and promote the transformation of value creation and value acquisition.Second,with the popularization of the Internet and a new generation of information technology,the wide application of digital infrastructure will attract high-quality and high-quality talents to invest in the development of the manufacturing industry,which will lead to an increase in the proportion of high-level human capital investment in the manufacturing industry,and will also broaden the channels for workers to obtain knowledge sources,increase learning opportunities,and effectively improve the production efficiency of the manufacturing industry,so as to produce and export more high value-added products.(2)The empirical part uses factor analysis to calculate the development level of digital infrastructure in 59 economies,and calculates the domestic added value of manufacturing exports from 2007 to 2020 based on ADB-MRIO 2021 data and WWZ total trade accounting algorithm.The specific research content and results are as follows: First,in the benchmark regression,digital infrastructure construction significantly increases the domestic added value of manufacturing exports,and the added value in the current period will be affected by the added value of the previous period.After a series of robustness and endogenous tests,this conclusion still holds.Secondly,the heterogeneity analysis shows that there are obvious differences in the degree of digital infrastructure development and the domestic added value of manufacturing exports in different industries.The high degree of digital infrastructure construction of the economy plays a great role in promoting the interests of manufacturing exports and trade.Digital infrastructure plays a greater role in improving the domestic added value of high-tech and high-knowledge manufacturing exports,and has a small effect on the trade benefits of low-and medium-tech,labor-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing.Finally,the mechanism test shows that digital infrastructure exerts the effect of technological innovation and increases the domestic added value of manufacturing exports,but when examining the effect of advanced human capital,it is unusually found that the advanced human capital will inhibit the increase of manufacturing trade profits.(3)Further analysis shows that the impact of digital infrastructure on manufacturing trade profits through the advanced effect of human capital is "U-shaped" and has a non-linear impact.Using the threshold regression test method,the differential impact of digital infrastructure on the domestic added value of manufacturing exports in different threshold intervals of advanced human capital was discussed.The regression results show that when the advanced degree of human capital is less than the threshold value of 4.499,it has a restraining effect on the domestic added value of manufacturing exports.When the advanced degree of human capital is greater than the threshold value of 4.499,it shows a more obvious promotion effect on the domestic added value of manufacturing exports.It can be shown that improving the level of high-level human capital can strengthen the extent of digital infrastructure on manufacturing trade gains,and with the continuous optimization of the advanced degree of human capital,the impact of digital infrastructure on manufacturing trade profits will increase by leaps and bounds.Based on the above analysis and research results,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations from two different levels: the Chinese government strengthens the construction of digital infrastructure,deepens the popularization of digital technology,improves the level of R&D and innovation,empowers the transformation and upgrading of high-tech manufacturing,improves the level of human capital,increases the proportion of high-level talents,and cultivates new advantages in human capital;China’s local enterprises should enhance their awareness of independent innovation,strengthen their ability to absorb technological innovation,and cooperate with the government to jointly create a good digital infrastructure environment.