The Impact Of New Urbanization On The Relative Poverty Of Rural Households

In the new historical era of building a well-off society in an all-round way,the focus and difficulty of our poverty alleviation work historically shift to solving relative poverty problems.The Party Central Committee has clearly stated that "the struggle against poverty must be won with determination,the development of poverty eradication will be consolidated,and the establishment of a permanent mechanism to deal with relative poverty will be accomplished".Meanwhile,the work of poverty alleviation should not stop just because the immediate poverty has been eliminated,but also pay close attention to the quality of poverty eradication,strengthen and expand the results of eradicating poverty,and prevent and solve the risk of returning to poverty.Xi has repeatedly stressed the need to comprehensively promote rural vitalization and to achieve an effective link between strengthening and expanding the results of poverty eradication and rural vitalization.Simultaneously,it is the most urgent task to push forward the new urbanization with people as the core in comprehensively promoting rural vitalization.The system and policies on new urbanization assert the basic production and living rights of the agricultural transfer population,enabling groups in rural areas and remote areas to enjoy social welfare benefits equally,thus contributing to alleviating the problem of relative poverty in rural areas.Therefore,the study on the influence of the new urbanization on the relative poverty and the vulnerability of the rural households has crucial academic value and practical significance.To this end,in this article we first choose the relevant data from the CFPS to measure the relative poverty and the vulnerability of rural families in China through AF method and three-stage feasible generalized least squares method respectively,and also selects reasonable indicators to measure the level of new urbanization in China;secondly,constructs Probit model and panel fixed effects model to empirically analyze the impact of new urbanization on the relative poverty of rural households.And the results are tested for robustness.Third,the panel fixed effects model is used to explore the influence of new urbanization on the multidimensional poverty vulnerability of rural households.Finally,the general structural equation method is applied to further analyze the mechanism of the effect of new urbanization on poverty reduction.The findings of this paper are as follows.First,the overall relative poverty incidence of rural households and the relative poverty incidence of each dimension show a decreasing trend year by year.However,the relative poverty rate of rural households in China still reached 23.8% during the sample selection time period,indicating that although China has achieved remarkable results in poverty eradication,the problem of relative poverty still exists significantly in rural households.Second,the multidimensional poverty vulnerability indicator of rural households can quantitatively measure the likelihood of relative poverty of rural households in the future,and then effectively locate rural households with low quality of poverty reduction.Third,the overall construction of new urbanization and the sub-fields of population urbanization,spatial urbanization,employment urbanization and basic public service urbanization can effectively alleviate the relative poverty of rural households,and the results have passed a series of robustness tests.Fourth,the comprehensive development of new urbanization and the respective advancement of population urbanization,spatial urbanization,employment urbanization and basic public service urbanization can effectively reduce the possibility of rural households falling into multi-dimensional poverty in the future.Fifth,population urbanization reduces rural poverty by promoting industrial structure upgrading and narrowing the rural-urban income gap.Agricultural productivity and income structure of rural households indirectly affect poverty reduction attributing to spatial urbanization.Industrial structure and income structure play mediating roles in poverty reduction due to employment urbanization.Otherwise,urbanization of basic public services exerts its poverty reduction effect by increasing the overall income of rural households and changing the income structure of rural households.On the basis of the findings of this study,there are some policy recommendations: First,In order to alleviate poverty,it is necessary to focus on relative poverty,pay attention to the quality of poverty reduction,and prevent and eliminating the risk of falling back into poverty.Second,the process of population urbanization should be advanced in a orderly,and the intensity and depth of the reform of the household registration system should beincreased.Third,we should rationally promote spatial urbanization,and scientifically plan the use and distribution of land resources for production and construction.Fourth,we should vigorously promote the urbanization of employment,strengthen the policy of giving priority to employment,and cultivate the legal awareness of disadvantaged labor groups.Fifth,we will continue to promote the urbanization of basic public services,and realize the efficient coordination and unification of basic public service systems in urban and rural areas.