| Improving innovation capabilities is of great significance for building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development.However,due to factors such as natural endowments,geographical location,and economic and social conditions,the issue of spatial imbalance in China’s innovation capabilities is becoming increasingly prominent,which has led to an increasing trend of regional development imbalance and is not conducive to China’s high-quality development.In this context,this article constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for China’s innovation capability from four aspects: innovation investment,innovation environment,innovation effectiveness,and innovation output,and scientifically measures the comprehensive development level of China’s innovation capability;Using the Gini coefficient two-dimensional decomposition method,empirically examine the degree and sources of spatial differences in China’s innovation capability from regional and indicator composition dimensions,and further use geographic detectors to identify the driving factors and interactions of spatial differences in China’s innovation capability;Based on the research findings,countermeasures and suggestions have been provided for synergistically enhancing China’s innovation capabilities.The research results indicate that: firstly,China’s innovation capacity shows a significant improvement trend.The comprehensive index of innovation capability increased from 0.207 in 2009 to 0.476 in 2020,achieving an average annual growth rate of 7.881%,showing a clear growth trend and high growth potential;The sub index of innovation effectiveness is significantly higher than the other three sub indexes,and the exponential growth of innovation output grows faster,achieving an average annual growth of 8.038%.Secondly,the spatial distribution of China’s innovation capabilities is significantly imbalanced.From the perspective of the comprehensive index,the spatial distribution center of China’s innovation capability comprehensive index shifts from northeast to southwest,showing a significant spatial agglomeration feature.From the perspective of sub indices,the center of gravity of the innovation environment index continues to shift from northeast to southwest;The innovation investment index and innovation effectiveness index exhibit a spatial distribution characteristic of "high in the eastern and southern regions,and low in the western and northern regions";There is a significant polarization phenomenon in the innovation output index,and Beijing’s innovation output index ranks first in the country.Thirdly,the spatial differences in China’s innovation capabilities are decreasing year by year.From the overall trend,the overall difference in China’s innovation capacity has decreased from 0.172 in 2009 to 0.122 in 2020,with an average annual decrease of 3.23%.From a regional perspective,the contribution rate of inter regional differences to overall spatial differences is significantly greater than that of intra regional differences,and shows a downward trend.Reducing inter regional differences is the key to narrowing the overall difference in China’s innovation capacity.From the perspective of indicator composition,the innovation environment and innovation investment are the main sources of overall differences in innovation capacity,but their contribution rates to the overall differences show an opposite trend.The contribution rate of innovation investment shows an upward trend and exceeds the contribution rate of innovation environment to regional differences.From the dual dimensions of regional and innovation capability indicators,the regional differences in innovation environment between the East and West are the main contributing force to the overall difference in innovation capability.In addition,the regional differences in innovation investment between the East and West regions also have a significant impact on regional differences.Fourthly,different influencing factors have varying degrees of impact on the differences in innovation ability.From the perspective of the composition of innovation capability itself,the difference in innovation environment and innovation investment is the main driving force for the overall difference in innovation capability,which is consistent with the results of the two-dimensional decomposition of the Gini coefficient.From the perspective of the influencing factors of innovation ability,spatial differences in innovation ability are the result of a comprehensive effect of multiple factors.The level of urbanization and human capital are the main causes of spatial differences in innovation ability,while industrial agglomeration has a significant impact on spatial differences in innovation ability.The impact of economic foundation,financial development level,and FDI on spatial differences in innovation ability is relatively consistent and relatively low.In addition,the variables that affect innovation capability exhibit a dual factor enhancement relationship and a nonlinear enhancement relationship.Based on the above research conclusions,this article proposes a collaborative improvement path for China’s innovation capability from the perspectives of national leadership,regional cooperation,and high-level innovation regional demonstration.This provides decision-making reference for coordinating the layout of regional scientific and technological innovation resources,implementing differentiated innovation policies,and constructing new development patterns and promoting high-quality development. |
PDF Full Text Request