Study On The Spatial And Temporal Variation Of Sustainable Development Level Of Rural Tourism In Yueyang City And The Influencing Factors

The report of the 19th Party Congress put forward the strategy of "rural revitalization",marking a new era for China’s rural work.As a strategic pillar industry in China,tourism has become an essential engine for rural revitalization.Since the theme of the "2006 China Rural Tour" was proposed,rural tourism,as an emerging form of tourism and industrial model,is a critical path to solving the "three rural issues",activating the inner strength of the rural economy,promote the construction of ecological civilization and beautiful countryside,and accelerate the pace of rural revitalization.It is a critical path.Therefore,studying the sustainable development of rural tourism has become a hot spot and the focus of attention from all walks of life.Yueyang City has a superior geographical location,a long history and culture,and rich tourism resources.Under national policies and government support,rural tourism development has achieved good results.Still,there are also problems such as deterioration of the rural ecological environment,chaotic development of rural tourism,the profound similarity of tourism products,an unsound management system,etc.The social,economic,and environmental benefits are not coordinated,which seriously restricts rural tourism’s sustainable development in Yueyang City.The sustainable development of rural tourism in Yueyang City is seriously constrained.In this context,it is of particular practical significance to study the sustainable development of rural tourism,which can provide theoretical ideas and valuable references for the sustainable development of rural tourism in China.The time scale of this study is 16 years,from 2005 to 2020,and the spatial scale is nine county-level units in Yueyang City,Hunan Province.Firstly,the main problems of rural tourism development in Yueyang City are analyzed from three aspects: resources,market and products.Secondly,to construct the rural tourism sustainable development index system,24 indicators are selected from three aspects of socially sustainable development,sustainable economic development,and ecologically sustainable development.The indicator weights are determined by the multiplicative integrated weight method.Based on the state space method and Arc GIS analysis method,the sustainable development level of rural tourism was evaluated.The results showed that in the past 16 years,the comprehensive index of sustainable development of rural tourism in 9 counties and districts in Yueyang City has been fluctuating upward.The comprehensive level of sustainable development is in good condition.The total proportion of counties and communities with high and medium sustainable development levels is 88.9%,and only Xiangyin County reaches a low sustainable Development level.In terms of spatial distribution,the comprehensive level of sustainable development of rural tourism has formed a belt-like pattern with Yueyanglou District as the centre radiating outward.However,in the order of ecologically sustainable development level,economically sustainable development level and socially sustainable development level,there are significant differences in the sustainable development levels of the three subsystems.Among them,the sustainable development index of the social subsystem shows an overall "U"-shaped change,and the sustainable development level is low,mainly at medium and low levels;the sustainable development index of the economic subsystem shows an overall fluctuating upward change,and the sustainable development level is good,with the total proportion of counties and districts reaching high and medium sustainable development levels being 66.7%.The sustainable development index of the ecological subsystem showed an overall "W" change with an excellent sustainable development level,and all nine counties reached a high or medium sustainable development level.Finally,the multiple regression analysis of the selected variables shows that resource security,ecological carrying capacity,economic drive,social promotion and policy regulation are the main factors affecting the spatial and temporal changes in the sustainable development level of rural tourism.