| With the deepening of the homestead organization reform and rural revitalization strategy in China,rural production and life have undergone profound changes.As a mirror of rural social and economic development,the function transformation of homestead is an important indicator of regional development.At the same time,the rural industry,as a breakthrough in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,has also embarked on the road of transformation.In fact,the coordinated development of homestead function transformation and rural industrial transformation is the power source of rural revitalization.However,the uncoordinated development of the two has become an important cause of rural decline in some areas.Therefore,qualitative analysis of the coupling mechanism between the functional transformation of homestead and rural industrial transformation,and quantitative identification of its coupling state and obstacle factors,are the current theoretical and practical problems that need to be solved.Deqing County,Zhejiang Province was selected as the pilot area of national homestead system reform in 2015 and 2020.With the advancement of homestead system reform,rural industries in Deqing County also experienced significant changes.Therefore,this paper takes Deqing County of Zhejiang Province as an example to accomplish theoretical and empirical research on four types of typical villages: agglomeration promotion,urban and suburban integration,characteristic protection and relocation and withdrawal.Firstly,the coupling mechanism of homestead function conversion and rural industry transformation is analyzed theoretically.On this basis,the homestead function and rural industry score of different typical villages in 2015,2017 and 2020 were measured by using the survey data of village cadres and farmers,and the results of homestead function conversion and rural industry transformation were analyzed.Secondly,the coupling coordination degree model is introduced.On the one hand,the coupling results of homestead function conversion and rural industry transformation process in case area are analyzed by using homestead function and rural industry score in different years.On the other hand,the spatial and temporal pattern differentiation of the coupling coordination degree between the functional transformation subsystem of homestead and the rural industrial transformation subsystem is calculated by using the comprehensive scores of homestead function and rural industry in different years.Finally,the obstacle degree model is introduced to identify the obstacle factors that hinder the coupling and coordinated development of the two,in order to promote the benign interaction between the function transformation of village homestead and rural industrial transformation,and finally achieve the overall goal of rural revitalization.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)This paper identifies and defines the functions of homestead and the types and forms of rural industries.The homestead function can be divided into four categories and eight forms.Among them,the forms of social function include social security,living and political stability;The forms of economic function include production and management and asset appreciation;The form of ecological function is landscape beautification;The expression forms of cultural function include cultural bearing and emotional inheritance.Rural industry can be divided into three types: primary industry,secondary industry,tertiary industry and new industry and new business form.Among them,the form of primary industry is modern agriculture and courtyard agriculture;The second and third industries include the structure and scale of the second and third industries.New industries and new business forms include typical new business forms and other new industries.(2)This paper attempts to analyze the coupling mechanism between the function transformation of homestead and rural industry transformation from the perspective of system theory.Function of land conversion subsystem namely with farmers as the main body in the act,to dominate the function to convert the homestead as behavior object,village collectives and the government,the market main body,follow villager main body participation,finally realizes the function of rural homestead from traditional single social function to social,economic,ecological and cultural and other multivariate composite function transformation.Rural industry transformation subsystems namely to rural revitalization of the "talent" as the main body in the act,acting in a rural industry as the object,farmers,returning migrant workers,such as the market main body of rural and urban main body participation,finally realizes the rural industry by a single traditional farming to the courtyard agriculture,modern agriculture and non-agricultural industries,new industries new formats such as diversified industrial transformation.The function transformation of homestead can accelerate the process of rural industrial transformation,while the transformed rural industry in turn promotes the function transformation of homestead,thus forming a coupling and coordination relationship between the two.(3)Measure the score of homestead function and rural industry by selecting measurement indexes,then analyze the results of homestead function conversion and rural industry transformation on this basis.This paper finds that: first,the function of homestead in Deqing County is undergoing a process of transformation from traditional single social function to multiple and complex functions such as society,economy,ecology and culture,among which the change of ecological function is the most obvious.Second,the primary industry is still the dominant industry in most villages of Deqing County,followed by the secondary and tertiary industries,while the development of new industries and new forms of business is relatively slow.Third,although there are some similarities between the function of village housing base and the score and change degree of rural industry in different samples,there are still some differences.(4)The coupling coordination degree model was introduced to analyze the process coupling relationship between the functional transformation of homestead and rural industrial transformation,then measure the temporal and spatial variation of the coupling coordination degree between the functional transformation subsystem of homestead and rural industrial transformation subsystem.This paper finds that: first,the results of process coupling show that there are obvious differences in the coupling relationship between the transformation of different homestead functions and the transformation of different industrial types,which reflects the diversity and complexity of the interaction process between the two.Second,time and space pattern of the coupling results show that the time scale sample village homestead whole function conversion subsystem score increase is lower than the industry transformation of rural subsystem,coupling coordination degree is roughly experienced both "on the verge of imbalance-barely coordination-primary coordination" of the optimization process,and the spatial scales do not have obvious geographical distribution rules.Third,the score of the subsystem of functional transformation of homestead was greater than that of the subsystem of rural industrial transformation in the cluster promotion,suburban integration and characteristic protection categories,while the score of the relocation and merger category was the opposite.The level and evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree of the four types of villages are basically consistent with the overall sample villages.(5)The obstacle degree model was introduced to measure the obstacle factors for the coordinated development of the functional transformation subsystem of homestead and the rural industrial transformation subsystem.It is found that the two index factors with the highest obstacle degree are farmer’s owner-occupancy rate and output value of other new industries and the two criterion factors are social function and new industries and new forms of business.And different types of rural obstacle factor and obstacle degree show certain differences.Finally,combined with the research conclusions,this paper puts forward several suggestions: first,deepen the reform of homestead system,focus on solving key problems;Second,we must pay attention to weak links in rural industrial development and focus on fostering new industries and forms of business.Third,promote the coordinated development of homestead function transformation and rural industrial transformation by classification. |
