| With the current intensified international competition,to occupy a dominant position in the global scientific and technological innovation and political and economic pattern,countries have taken the construction of global scientific and technological innovation center as an important strategic measure to seize the opportunity of a new round of scientific and technological revolution.Since 2013,China has also proposed to establish some cities or regions as science and technology innovation centers.Establishing a science and technology innovation center first requires clarifying its concept and key elements,however the existing theoretical studies on science and technology innovation centers have not yet formed a unified understanding of this issue,and most of them analyze state-driven science and technology innovation centers,the depth and breadth of which cannot meet the needs of science and technology innovation center construction practice.In this context,it is theoretically important to assess the concept,key elements,and discriminant criteria of the science and technology innovation center using appropriate theories.In addition,studying the development status of China’s science and technology innovation centers and putting forward countermeasure suggestions play a crucial role in promoting China’s innovation-driven development and realizing high-level science and technology self-improvement and self-reliance.Guided by regional economics,urban economics and innovation-related theories,this paper follows the logic of "theoretical research — empirical research —countermeasure suggestions" to carry out the analysis.Theoretically,it identifies science and technology innovation centers and related concepts,and establishes an analytical framework of key elements,development stages,and models of science and technology innovation centers.On this basis,potential science and technology innovation centers are identified and their current status is analyzed by constructing criteria for determining science and technology innovation centers in China.In addition,the entropy value method is used to construct an evaluation index system to analyze the development level of China’s science and technology innovation center from 2013 to 2019 and its change trend.Finally,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed for the construction of China’s science and technology innovation center.Main ideas:(1)Science and technology innovation center is a city with certain economic strength and foundation,gathering a large number of talents,capital and other innovation resources,having abundant science and technology and industrial innovation activities,forming an institutional,cultural and market environment that encourages innovation.Its characteristics are manifested as agglomeration,innovation,hierarchy and radiation.(2)Having certain economic strength and foundation is the cornerstone to driving the development of science and technology innovation centers.The core of the development of a science and technology innovation center is to gather a large number of innovative resources such as talents and capital,and to have abundant scientific and industrial innovation activities.The formation of a system,culture and market environment that encourage innovation is the guarantee to promote the development of a science and technology innovation center.The development stages of science and technology innovation centers can be divided into three phases:budding,growth and maturity.The development models include government-driven,market-led,and government-market coordination.(3)The basic criteria for determining a science and technology innovation center include whether it has a high level of economic development,whether it gathers a large amount of science and technology innovation resources,whether it has abundant science and technology innovation activities and whether it has a high level of industrial innovation activities.According to this criterion,most of the cities with the potential to develop into science and technology innovation centers in China are in the growth stage,while the three cities of Beijing,Shanghai and Shenzhen have already entered the mature stage.In general,most of the potential science and technology innovation centers in China are located in the eastern region and the central cities or sub-centers of urban clusters,whose urban resident population is basically above 1 million.And they are subject to the role of both government and market forces,mainly belonging to the model of the coordinated role of government and market.(4)The development level of China’s science and technology innovation centers has been increasing from 2013 to 2019,but the overall development gap is large,and there are large changes in the science and technology innovation centers with outstanding performance in the four dimensions of innovation foundation support,innovation resource concentration,innovation activity concentration and innovation environment attractiveness.According to the different development rates,Arc GIS natural break method is used to classify them into three types: low growth,medium growth and high growth.And through the cluster analysis,the development level of China’s science and technology innovation center is classified into four levels: highest,relatively high,middle and relatively low.(5)Due to the differences in the development levels of science and technology innovation centers and their comparative advantages,the development of China’s science and technology innovation centers should be guided by classification.In addition,China’s science and technology innovation centers need to gather high-end innovation resources in all aspects,promote the close integration of science and technology innovation and industrial innovation,and strengthen the construction of an innovation service-oriented government. |
