A Study On The Willingness To Withdraw From Homesteads In Traditional Agricultural Areas:based On The Perspective Of Farmer Differentiation And Intergenerational Exploitation

Whether farmers are willing to withdraw from redundant homesteads is highly related to their own production and life.Existing studies mostly focus on external factors,especially economic factors,and explore their influence on the farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads,but ignore the intergenerational exchange relationship that has been formed in my country’s rural society over thousands of years is secretive and important to the farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads.The author found in fieldwork that in the traditional agricultural areas of eastern Henan,extensive and serious intergenerational exploitation in rural areas has significantly inhibited farmers’ willingness to withdraw from their homesteads.In view of this,this research will start from the perspective of farmer differentiation,and take the farmers who were born in the 1960 s and 1970 s in Z County in the eastern of Henan—RII generation farmers as the research object,and deeply explore the intergenerational exploitation itself and how it affects the willingness to withdraw from the homestead of RⅡ generation farmers through the differentiation of farmers.This is for the government to rationally guide farmers to voluntarily and smoothly withdraw from the homestead on the basis of respecting the discipline of intergenerational relationship between farmers’ families,and it provides a valuable reference for formulating a homestead withdrawal mechanism that effectively protects farmers’ rights and effectively improves the quality of life of farmers.this paper is based on the theories of homestead function,farmer behavior,social differentiation and intergenerational relations,firstly expand the mechanism analysis of the influence of farmer differentiation,intergenerational exploitation,and the interaction between the two on the willingness of farmers to withdraw from their homesteads;Secondly,introduce the situation of the traditional farming area in Z County of Eastern Henan Province,data sources,descriptive statistics of the samples and an analysis of interviews on the willingness of farmers to withdraw from their homesteads;Furthermore,from the micro perspective of farmers,using 205 farmer survey data in Z County in eastern Henan,a multivariate and orderly Logistic model was constructed to explore the impact of farmers’ differentiation,intergenerational exploitation,and the interaction of the two on the willingness of farmers to withdraw from their homesteads;Finally,based on the relevant theory,semi-structured interview results and empirical analysis results,the conclusions and relevant policy recommendations are presented.The basic conclusion of this study is that:(1)Most of the RII-generation farmers in County Z have a weak willingness to withdraw from their homesteads,the complex factor of “home” is the main psychological source of the unwillingness of part-time farmers and non-farmers to withdraw from their homesteads.For part-time households,the production and living functions of homesteads are still very strong,For non-farm households who have left agricultural production,even if "people are not in the village",their psychological affiliations such as "home" and "roots" are still closely related to the village for a long time.(2)Without considering the influence of intergenerational exploitation,the differentiation of farmers has positive impact on the willingness of RII farmers to withdraw from their homesteads,and as the degree of differentiation deepens,The level of differentiation has a gradually increasing influence on the farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads.(3)Within a certain range,intergenerational exploitation has a negative impact on the willingness to withdraw from the homestead of RⅡ generation farmers.However,when the pressure of intergenerational exploitation reaches its peak,the proportion of farmers’ unwillingness to withdraw from the homestead will not change significantly.(4)Intergenerational exploitation weaken the positive impact of farmers differentiation on the farmers’ willingness to withdraw from homesteads.In addition,Among the different types of farmers,the pure farmers have the lowest level of intergenerational exploitation,which shows that these farmers who live in rural areas and focus on agriculture have a clear understanding of their own economic capabilities,and they do not intend to exceed their own capabilities to arranging marriages for their children,so the willingness of pure farmers to withdraw from their homesteads is less affected by intergenerational exploitation.On the basis of the above conclusions,this article has made further thoughts and put forward several enlightenments: Firstly,The reform of the homestead system directly involves the issue of housing security for farmers.Just as "the cultivator has his own land",for farmers,the homestead is the basis for the realization of "the homesteader has his own house",it is the guarantee of "returnees have their roots" when migrant workers return to their hometowns in old age,and it is the parents’ legacy to the next generation "old people have their roots".Secondly,The government needs to consider the influence of various factors when introducing policies related to the withdrawal of homesteads.As far as the research topic of this paper is concerned,an important factor to consider when introducing a homestead withdrawal policy is the impact of intergenerational exploitation;Thirdly,many scholars believe that the withdrawal of homestead has added a way for farmers to realize land property rights,However,in reality,this is affected by various factors such as society,culture,and tradition.Whether farmers consider withdrawing from their homesteads as a "financing channel" and whether they are willing to use this channel is worth thinking about.Finally,specific to the research theme of this article,local governments should not only speed up economic development and promote the transfer of farmers’ non-agriculturalization,but also thoroughly control unhealthy social atmosphere of marriage.Local governments can establish a differentiated homestead protection mechanism for effective withdrawal of rights and interests,give farmers a choice of compensation combinations within a reasonable range,so as to greatly enhance farmers’ “Self-determined rights” and strengthen farmers’ willingness to withdraw from the homestead.