Research On Marx And Engels’ Thoughts On Urban-rural Relationship And Its Practice In China

Marx and Engels’ thoughts on urban-rural relations include three contents:“urban-rural unity”,“urban-rural separation and opposition”,and “urban-rural integration”.“Urban-rural unity” is mainly in the savage era and barbaric era when the productive forces are underdeveloped;with the progress of productivity,the emergence of the separation of industry and agriculture and the advert of private ownership,urban-rural relations have been promoted from “urban-rural unity” to“urban-rural separation and opposition”.At the same time,Marx and Engels realized that the circustmance of “separation and confrontation between urban and rural areas” seriously widens the gap between urban and rural areas,hinders the sound development of urban and rural districts and industrial engineering and farming,and curtails people’s free and comprehensive development.Therefore,they advocate the realization of urban-rural integration by developing productive forces,abolishing private ownership,eliminating division of labor in society,and promoting the development of education.The urban-rural relationship thought of Marx and Engels is combined with China’s national conditions in various periods to guide the practice of China’s urban and rural development.During the period of the New Democratic Revolution,the Communist Party’s urban and rural ideology was integrated into the revolutionary road and land policy reform of the countryside encircling the city,and promoted the development of urban and rural areas.In the stage of Socialist Revolution and Construction,Mao Zedong adhered to the view that urban and rural development should be centered on cities,based on countryside,and urban and rural development should be taken into account.The development of urban and rural areas should be balanced aiming to urge the high-speed development of industry and agriculture and the improvement of awareness after the founding of New China.In the stage of Reform and Opening up and Socialist modernization,Deng Xiaoping proposed to reform the relations of industrial and agricultural production in the steps of first in the countryside and then in the cities.Meanwhile,it was necessary to strengthen the basic position of agriculture and improve the further development of industry,so as to ultimately achieve coordinated development of urban and rural areas;Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao,on the basis of Deng Xiaoping,combined with the national conditions at that time,deepened the reform of the production relations of chemical industry and agriculture and sustainable the further development of urban and rural areas.In the era of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,my country has accessed a fresh period of development,and social contradictions are prominent.For the sake of bridging the gap between urban and rural areas,and realize the goal of urban-rural integration and a modernized power,Xi Jinping proposed to carry out the rural revitalization tactics and facilitate the coordinated development of new urbanization and new rural construction.The innovative formation of ecological civilization thought promotes the ecological construction of urban and rural areas,and enriches the Marxist thinking on urban-rural relations and the thinking on urban-rural relations with Chinese characteristics.