The Influence Of High-speed Railway Opening On The Development Of Urban Tourism Economy

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the construction of high-speed railway has also experienced a rapid development.China’s high-speed railway grew from nothing,especially after 2015,the development degree of China’s high-speed railway is very remarkable.By 2020,the length of China’s high-speed railways in operation had doubled compared with 2015,ranking first in the world.Traffic set up tourism supply and demand in the middle of the bridge,has a very large effect on the steady development of the tourism industry,at present our country high-speed lines have formed eight vertical eight horizontal situation,high-speed rail covers nearly all major cities in China,also extend to more remote cities,which will further develop the tourism resources of city,attracting tourists to form a good role in promoting,Can produce certain degree of influence to its development.However,tourism has always been a two-way flow.When the convenience of opening of high-speed railway leads to the loss of tourists due to the insufficient development of the city itself,the opening of high-speed railway will also bring a certain negative impact on the development of urban tourism.This paper will explore the internal mechanism,and use data to conduct empirical analysis to more intuitively understand the role of high-speed rail in the tourism development of different cities.Firstly,this paper summarizes the relevant research results of domestic and foreign scholars from the aspects of the impact of transportation and high-speed railway on tourism.Secondly,at the theoretical level,the paper analyzes the general impact mechanism of high-speed rail on urban tourism from three aspects of accessibility,tourism flow and tourism,and analyzes the different effects of high-speed rail opening on different types of cities from the perspective of urban heterogeneity.Finally,at the empirical level,the "synthetic control method" is used to select Dongguan and Jinan,two cities that opened high-speed railway in 2011,as the treatment group.The reason is that the overall economic level of Dongguan and Jinan is similar,but there are great differences in tourism economy.Dongguan city has less tourism resources,while Jinan city has more tourism resources,resulting in distinct heterogeneity,which can well reflect the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on the tourism of these two types of cities.35 cities that have not been opened until 2015 are selected as the control group,and the two cities of Dongguan and Jinan are combined to simulate the development gap of tourism economy between Dongguan and Jinan after the opening of high-speed railway.The number of domestic tourists and domestic tourism income are used to measure the development of urban tourism.The results show that the number of tourists in Dongguan has decreased compared with "virtual Dongguan" after the opening of high-speed rail,and the number of tourists in Jinan has increased compared with "virtual Jinan" after the opening of high-speed rail.It reflects the negative effect of the opening of high-speed railway on the tourism development of Dongguan city and the positive effect on the tourism development of Jinan city.This conforms to the heterogeneity hypothesis of the impact of the opening of high-speed rail on urban tourism economic development in this paper,that is,for cities lacking in tourism resources,the convenient transportation conditions brought by the opening of high-speed rail will further cause the outflow of tourists,and for cities rich in tourism resources,the opening of high-speed rail will further increase the number of tourists.The results show that there is heterogeneity in the growth of tourism between cities with different tourism resources.The opening of high-speed rail has a significant impact on the growth of tourism in cities with rich tourism resources,but a negative impact on the growth of tourism in cities with scarce tourism resources.The opening of high-speed rail has further improved the transportation convenience and urban accessibility of Jinan and Dongguan,but has brought different implications for their tourism development policies.For jinan,rich tourism resources with the convenient traffic will further help them to attract tourists,increase tourism income,but the tourism infrastructure formed test,need to further improve the tourism service facilities,increase the tourist reception capacity,characteristic of the depth of the tourism resources,to form their own tourism competitiveness.For dongguan,tourism development is imminent,launched a new tour concept,creating a science and technology,innovative tourism city,continuously introduce connotation,concept,experience and stickiness of cultural tourism products,to maintain the local traffic,enhance to other tourists attractions,passenger flow constantly increase the income of the tourism industry.Relevant experience at home and abroad show that in order to grasp the opportunity to further improve the existing high-speed opened tourism status quo,requires that the local government and related tourism enterprises emphasis on thought and intensify propaganda,upgrade the relevant supporting infrastructure,innovative products to create demand,realize the different mode of transportation to connect,deepen regional cooperation mechanism system innovation.