Study On The Influencing Factors Of Workers’ Willingness To Participate In Basic Endowment Insurance In The New Employment Form

Over the past decades,we have witnessed a new round of industrial transformation and urban renewal.The outbreak of the new crown pneumonia at the end of 2019 has formed a sudden change,accelerating the renewal and iteration of industries and cities.The development of the economy has spawned a large number of new types of jobs that are different from traditional employment methods.Workers in the new form of employment have become the main force in the labor market.We are delighted with the growth of jobs and the prosperity of the economy brought about by the development of the new economy,new model,and new business format,but also perplexed by the relative lag in the protection of labor rights and interests in the new employment model.Social security is the foundation of people’s livelihood,and maximizing the participation rate of social security is the core goals of my country’s social security undertakings.The national “14th Five-Year Plan” target for the national basic endowment insurance participation rate is 95%,and by the end of November 2021,the national basic endowment insurance participation rate is about 92%,there are still some people outside the system.Most of them are people with flexible employment,workers in new forms of employment,and migrant employment groups in urban and rural areas.Since the "Comprehensive Plan for Reducing Social Insurance Rates"(Guobanfa [2019] No.13)was issued in 2019,the governments at all levels of the state,provincial and municipal governments have included workers with new forms of employment into the two basic pension insurance systems.Various policies have been introduced one after another,but the insurance participation rate of this group still has room for improvement.Therefore,under the guidance of the 14 th Five-Year Plan,it is necessary to study the willingness and influencing factors of workers in the new employment form to participate in the basic endowment insurance,so as to realize the full coverage of the basic endowment insurance from policy to the population as soon as possible in my country,and effectively improve the new employment form.The labor insurance participation rate contributes a small force.Based on this,taking Nanchang City as the research site,the research is carried out by using an online questionnaire and offline field visit to effectively understand the current situation and willingness of this group’s participation in basic old-age insurance.At the same time,based on the existing literature and the labor market segmentation theory,social equity theory and rational choice theory,this thesis investigates 18 influencing factors,such as the basic personal situation of workers in the new employment form and individual subjective cognitive factors.The results show that workers in the new employment form do not recognize the investment return of basic old-age insurance,do not understand the social old-age insurance policy,and the concept of old-age care is mainly home-based child support.Secondly,in order to make a more in-depth analysis of the survey data,this thesis mainly uses two methods: logistic regression analysis and relative importance analysis to analyze the willingness of workers in new employment forms to participate in basic endowment insurance.Specifically,exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 15 problems in subjective cognitive factors.Then logistic regression is used to regress the binary dependent variable(willingness to participate in insurance or not),and the independent variables that are significant to the dependent variable are selected.The results show that age,the number of children,personal monthly income,the proportion of monthly expenditure in income,the degree of understanding of basic old-age insurance,old-age concept and investment return have a significant impact on the willingness of workers in the new employment form to participate in basic old-age insurance.Finally,the dependent variables obtained by logistic regression are ranked by importance analysis.The results show that the top three variables of relative advantage percentage are: understanding of the basic endowment insurance,investment return,and monthly income.Accordingly,based on the above theoretical and quantitative research,this thesis gives some policy suggestions from the perspectives of improving laws and regulations,optimizing the basic old-age insurance system,and building a good insurance environment: 1.At the level of laws and regulations,focus on employment platforms and outsourcing Legislation,administrative supervision,and judicial interpretation should be strengthened for the issue of enterprises evading the responsibility to protect the rights and interests of workers.2.As for the design of the old-age insurance system,optimize the existing basic old-age insurance system in terms of the payment base and proportion,the "triple-party mechanism" and the transfer and continuation.3.In terms of the environment for workers in the new employment form to participate in insurance,expand the service functions of the human-social integration platform,increase publicity efforts,and enhance the willingness to participate in insurance,to realize the full coverage of basic old-age insurance from policy to population as soon as possible.