Implementation Of Apple Standardization And Its Comprehensive Benefits Evaluation In Shaanxi Province

As an effective means of apple industry,apple standardization has played an irreplaceable role in promoting the modernization of fruit industry,declining transaction costs,ensuring the safety and quality of apple and improving the overall social benefits.In recent years,the government has continuously increased the revision of the standard system,but there is less understanding about the implementation of the standard and the comprehensive benefits.Therefore,the focus of this project is to form a scientific and perfect evaluation system and to evaluate the effect of the system.This project investigated the implementation of apple standardization and its problems of 24 based countries,71 townships and 171 villages in Shaanxi province in 2012-2015.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)From the statistical analysis of the data of the investigated areas,we could know that aging intensifies,labor shortage,low level of education,small-scale planting and other factors were the limiting factors for farmers in the implementation of apple standardizations.The national certification of cooperatives and demonstration park accounted for 14.29%,27.78%,respectively,indicating that the level of standardization was better.The average yield per mu of apple production in the main producing areas in 2015 was 2222.5 kg,which was higher than the highest province Shandong which was 2034.8 kg,indicating that the degree of standardization of apple production was in the forefront of the country.(2)Based on the situation of apple standardization in Shaanxi province,using the basic idea of fuzzy mathematics and analytic hierarchy process(AHP),making the qualitative indexes quantified into quantitative indexes,the comprehensive evaluation system was established,which included target layer,criterion layer,index layer and variable layer,among which there were 4 criterion layers,8 index layers and 43 variable layers.In the next place,the coefficient of variation method,information entropy weighting method and combination weighting method were used to calculate the weight of the variable layer,and evaluated the the situation of Shaanxi countries and villages.And the integrated effect was divided into five levels.The evaluation results showed: The comprehensive benefits mean value were much higher in Baishui,Fufeng,Luochuan,Qianyang and other 16 counties,the grade levels wereⅣ.Meanwhile,the evaluation grade V,IV,III accounted for 8.5%,65.8%,25.7%,respectively,in 117 villages of Shaanxi.Therefore,the comprehensive benefits of apple standardization of Shaanxi were in good condition,they were basically consistent with the standardization development of apple in Shaanxi,which showed that the system and method were scientific and reasonable.(3)After that,combined with factor analysis,weight filtering and expert experience judgment,three methods were used to optimize the evaluation system,the variables were reduced from 43 to 34.The optimized evaluation system was analyzed,and the conclusion was that the evaluation grades of farmers,cooperatives and demonstration parks were still in IV,the comprehensive benefit value rank was that demonstration parks(0.4964)>cooperatives(0.4888)> farmers(0.4583),the standardized implementation of apple in Shaanxi was basically consistent with the comprehensive benefit evaluation before and after optimization.The contribution rate of pollution free standards,soil improvement standards,organic and green apple certification area,apple safety quality standards and so on,were between 3%-6%,the contribution rate of apple fertilization standard and apple bagging technology was 2%-3%.(4)According to the evaluation results and the existing questions,the countermeasures and the suggestions were put forward:(1)According to the results of the apple standard implementation,drafting scientific training content.The standardization management department and the apple production management should increase the type of standards which about farm-oriented materials,by-products,products and testing,and providing standard support for the development of Shaanxi’s apple industry(2)Through the establishment of "Shaanxi Apple Standardization Festival" to promote apple standard and improve the standard living of farmers,forming the atmosphere of participation to absorb the sage to develop the apple industry.(3)The contents of sugar,soluble solids and aroma of unbagged apples were higher than those of bagged apples,so reducing apple bagging timely,keeping apple original ecology.(4)through the establishment of low anvil apple demonstration parks in the most appropriate ecological areas,to promote industrial development and raise the level of standardization,to achieve the goals that Shaanxi apple production change from the "traditional fruit industry" to "modern fruit industry".