| The situation in rural areas is complicated and changeable in the prevention and control of COVID-19.On the one hand,with its natural advantages,the village has been able to fight the epidemic at a very low cost through spontaneous epidemic prevention.But on the other hand,the whole village is weak and vulnerable to the epidemic,and the prevention and control capacity is further restricted and constrained.In the face of this contradiction,compared with most researches only on epidemic prevention content spread by organizations in rural areas,it is of great significance to study how mainstream media report epidemic prevention and control in rural areas,what kind of news framework is adopted,what problems exist and how to improve them,which is of great significance to improve the effectiveness of rural response to public health emergencies and to guide the reporting practices of grassroots media.In this study,Python web crawler technology was used to capture rural epidemic prevention news reports from news aggregation platforms such as Toutiao and Baidu News and three mainstream news websites such as People’s Daily Online,Xinhuanet net and Guangming net from January 2020 to May 2022 to build a research text base and take this as the research object.Taking Zang Guoren’s three-layer framework theory as the research tool,this paper adopts the research method of content analysis and NLP natural language processing to analyze the news report text from the dimensions of "report attribute,report theme frame,report content frame,report persuasion strategy".The study found that in terms of reporting attributes,media at or above the provincial level reported more,and the reporting time was related to the stage and region of the epidemic.Information and communication were the main reporting genres.In terms of the reporting theme framework,through the overall planning of multiple news reporting themes of mainstream media,it constructs the theme framework of "fact-explanation framework,guidance-mobilization framework,typically-empathy framework,problem-warning framework" and so on.In terms of reporting content framework,mainstream media completed the construction of content framework through the combination of "impact of results,event background,oral reflection,main events,assessment and prediction",so as to achieve the purpose of "highlighting the effect of epidemic prevention,awakening the fear appeal,expressing true feelings,showing epidemic prevention dynamics,highlighting the truth of news".In terms of reporting strategies,the use of positive sentences is dominant.Meanwhile,the report adopts a combination of various sentence structures to construct persuasion strategies such as "typical guidance,problem analysis,flexible persuasion and hardcore warning" to achieve persuasion effects.In addition,political orientation and media attributes are the two main reasons that influence the preference of rural epidemic prevention reporting framework.By combing and reflecting on the news reporting framework,this study also found that the mainstream media had problems in reporting rural epidemic prevention,such as "weak grass-roots reporting strength,not rich reporting genre",and the reporting framework had problems in aspects such as "reporting Angle,balance,interest,pattern and supervision by public opinion".The persuasion strategy has some problems,such as "typical guidance is vague,problem analysis and interpretation power is weak,warning tone is strong".In view of the above problems,this study puts forward the corresponding optimization path,and hopes to provide references and ideas for rural epidemic prevention reports and even future rural reports and grassroots reports. |
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