Research And Optimization Of Routing Protocols For Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Low Power Consumption

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is an AD hoc network that monitors,senses and gathers data about the environment in a region,and is widely used in various fields.This paper takes routing protocol as the research focus,in order to reduce energy consumption and extend network life cycle,proposes an improved protocol based on low power consumption.The main research work is as follows:1.This study delves into the development process,structure,key technologies and application scenarios of WSN.It scrutinizes the operational concept of WSN routing protocol,summarizes its design principles and categorization.The limitations of traditional layered protocols are analyzed,the concept of network cross-layer optimization is understood,and the necessity of cross-layer mechanism is discussed.The power control method and the theoretical knowledge of adding channel quality parameters into routing decision are investigated,and the classification of power control methods are summarized.2.Aiming at the issue of unreasonable cluster head election of clustering protocol LEACH,this article introduces the LEACH-X protocol,which utilizes an energy balance approach to achieve greater efficiency.Firstly,the optimal amount of cluster heads should be calculated dynamically instead of using the fixed ratio.Then,the original threshold function is modified to take into account the residual energy of nodes,communication distance,density of adjacent nodes,the amount of selected cluster heads and other factors,and carry out normalization processing on them.The deployment area of the node is partitioned,and different weighted parameters are used for different areas.Finally,the weight function is defined and the second contest election is carried out.The simulation results show that the improved algorithm achieves good results in network life cycle,data transmission and energy consumption balance,compared with the original LEACH algorithm and its improved algorithm,the life cycle is respectively extended by 75.1% and 45.9%.3.Aiming at the issue of excessive energy usage in cluster protocol during the data transmission phase,this paper proposes a cross-layer optimization algorithm LEACH-POCP based on cluster head multi-hop combined with power control.Firstly,the data transmission phase of the hierarchical routing protocol is analyzed theoretically,and a reasonable equidistant hierarchical multi-hop routing strategy is developed.Then,considering the distance factor,the next hop candidate nodes are preliminarily screened.Then,introduce a cross layer mechanism,channel quality is involved in routing decision,and a competition model considering channel quality,energy,distance and transmission angle is established.Finally,power control mechanism is combined to complete algorithm optimization.In the ideal setting scenario,the improved protocol LEACH-POCP further decreases the overall energy usage of the system,enhances the data transmission capacity and extends the lifespan when the computing load and total network delay increase by simulation,compared with the previous three algorithms,the life cycle of the proposed algorithm is respectively extended by 83.9%,47.7% and 4.7%.