| At present,Chinese enterprises in various industries are facing the pressure of transformation and upgrading,especially manufacturing enterprises,which are encountering great challenges.In order to meet the demand and improve the efficiency of prodution,automatic technology upgrading has become a new choice of production mode for enterprises.At the same time,promoting the development of a new generation of information technology represented by artificial intelligence is the driving force for the optimization and upgrading of the manufacturing industry and high-quality development in economy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period,which is also an important technical safeguard for the realization of new industrialization,informationization and modernization.Therefore,in the context of intelligent development,it is of great practical significance to study the impact of industrial robots on Total Factor Productivity(TFP)of enterprises.This thesis presents an in-depth study based on the corresponding mathematical model and empirical method,which enriches the research perspective in related field and provides reference opinions for enterprises to realize automation and intellectualization in production.In this thesis,the theoretical model and mechanism hypothesis analysis are firstly used to draw inferences that on one hand,enterprise heterogeneity directly affects the application decision of industrial robots;on the other hand,the import of industrial robots will promote the improvement of enterprise TFP and enhance it through two channels:technological innovation spillover effect and labor structure optimization effect.Secondly,this thesis conducts a factual analysis on two variables,including industrial robot import and enterprise TFP,and initially verifies the corresponding hypothesis by judging the trend of the relationship between them.Finally,based on the industrial enterprise database and the customs database of China between 2000 and 2013,this thesis verifies the impact of enterprise heterogeneity on decision making of industrial robot imports and the impact of industrial robot imports on enterprise TFP respectively by using two-way fixed-effect model.The results of this thesis show that: Firstly,enterprise heterogeneity will directly affect decision making of industrial robot imports.Firms with larger production scale in the earlier stage will be more inclined to import robots.Meanwhile,in the open market,exporting enterprises as well as those absorbing foreign investment are more prone to choose import robots.Secondly,after controlling heterogeneity factors such as enterprise production scale,etc.,this thesis gets a further conclusion that industrial robot imports has made a significantly enhancement in enterprise TFP,which remains tenable after a series of robustness tests such as PSM-DID test,Heckman two-stage model estimation and Bartik instrumental variable test.Moreover,the enhancement is more obvious in labor-intensive enterprises,high-tech enterprises,large enterprises,and non-state-owned enterprises.Thirdly,the mechanism test shows that the spillover effect of technological innovation and the optimizing effect of labor structure are important channels through which industrial robots imports promote the growth of enterprise TFP.Finally,based on the above findings,this thesis puts forward corresponding countermeasure suggestions,mainly including:promoting intelligent production of enterprises in accordance with local conditions,encouraging technological innovation in automation,optimizing the labor structure of enterprises and actively cultivating talents for intelligent production.The marginal contributions of this thesis are: Firstly,compared with existing studies that mostly focus on industry-level data on robot applications,the dataset in this thesis contains information about import robots in the process of production in enterprises,of which longitudinal nature can be used to identify the micro-impacts of robot applications.Secondly,this thesis examines the impact of firm heterogeneity on decision-making of industrial robot imports,bridging the gap in the assumption of "all firms in a given industry have the same ability and willingness to adopt robots" in other studies.Thirdly,this thesis examines the micro-level impact of industrial robot imports on TFP of domestic enterprises,which is important for a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the impact of intelligent production technologies on production behavior of enterprises.Finally,this thesis attempts to decompose the mechanism of the effect of industrial robots on TFP of enterprises and discusses its channels from two perspectives: technological innovation and labor structure,to get a more specific overview of the impact of intelligent technology on TFP of enterprises. |
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