| Against the backdrop of accelerated aging in Chinese society,the issue of population aging and frailty has become a focus of discussion both domestically and internationally in recent years.Weakness not only causes serious adverse consequences such as falls,hospitalization,and long-term care for the elderly,but also leads to a serious decline in their quality of life,bringing heavy economic and care burdens to families,and even causing patient death.Yoga,as a medium to low intensity exercise,can effectively improve the balance,flexibility,and joint flexibility of the elderly,eliminate physiological and psychological fatigue,improve depression,slow down the pace of frailty in the elderly,achieve the effect of delaying aging,and even restore a healthy state.This article aims to develop a reasonable and effective yoga exercise program for frail elderly people,help them recover their health to the maximum extent,gradually break away from their weak state,improve their living conditions and quality of life,and make the goal of "healthy aging" a reality,thereby alleviating a series of problems caused by China’s aging population,and promoting harmonious development of society and economy.This paper adopts the methods of literature review,questionnaire survey,expert interview,experiment,mathematical statistics and so on.Taking the design and verification of yoga exercise program for the frail elderly as the research object,the frail elderly in Tianjin Kangningjin Garden are selected as the experimental objects.Combining the physical and psychological conditions of the frail elderly,the design and experiment of yoga exercise program for the frail elderly are carried out.41 frail elderly people aged 60 to 80 were divided into two groups.The experimental group received a 12 week yoga exercise program for frail elderly people,while the control group received a 12 week fixed time free activity without fixed items.The activity time and duration of the two groups of frail elderly people were the same.Both groups of frail elderly people underwent four physical function tests before and after the experiment,Verify the effectiveness of implementing yoga exercise programs for frail elderly people through pre and post experimental testing results.Through research,the following results and conclusions were obtained:result:(1)This study used a Chinese revised version of the English version of the Tiburg Weakness Index Scale by Li Fei et al.,which has good reliability and validity.The indicators used in this study to evaluate the physical function of frail elderly people are grip strength,five sit up tests,improved sensory integration balance tests,and timed stand up walking tests.These four physical functions can effectively reflect the physical condition of frail elderly people.(2)The content of the yoga exercise program for frail elderly people is mainly to stretch tense muscles and stiff joints,enhance body flexibility and strength,etc.The overall design of the program is 12 weeks,with 2 classes per week,each class lasting60 minutes.The exercise content includes: breathing exercises,joint activity exercises,yoga pose exercises,and rest technique exercises.After multiple revisions,experts unanimously believe that the yoga exercise program designed by our research institute for frail elderly people is scientific,reasonable,with appropriate difficulty,and targeted.(3)Before the experiment,there was no significant difference in variables such as age,height,weight,and gender between the experimental group and the control group(P>0.05),indicating comparability between the two groups.Before the experiment,the two groups of frail elderly people ranked in the top four in terms of frailty,including memory loss and poor vision;Unable to stand up on the ground without armrests;Poor hearing and unfounded fatigue;Lack of strength or decreased grip strength in the hands,feeling difficulty walking or decreasing step count,sometimes not knowing what year or month it is today,and pulling the handrail to climb the stairs.Through independent sample t-test,there was no significant difference in the physical,psychological,social,cognitive,and environmental dimensions of frailty between the experimental group and the control group before the experiment(P>0.05).(4)In the frailty dimension of the frailty scale,through paired sample t-test,the P-values of the physiological,psychological,social,cognitive,and environmental dimensions in the control group after the experiment were all greater than 0.05,and there was no significant difference.In the frailty dimension of the frailty scale,through paired sample t-test,the P-value of the physiological dimension in the experimental group after the experiment was 0.000,and the P-value of the cognitive dimension was 0.008,both of which showed significant differences;The P-value of the psychological dimension is 0.042,indicating a significant difference;The P-value of the social dimension is 0.330,and the P-value of the environmental dimension is1.000,both of which have no significant differences.(5)In the four physical activity function tests of the elderly,through independent sample t-test,the P-values of the four physical functions in the experimental group and the control group before the experiment were all greater than 0.05,and there was no significant difference;In the four physical activity function tests of the elderly,through paired sample t-test,the P values of the four physical functions in the control group after the experiment were all greater than 0.05,and there was no significant difference;In the four physical activity function tests of the elderly,through paired sample t-test,the grip strength P value of the four physical functions in the experimental group after the experiment was 0.000,the P value of five sitting and standing tests was 0.000,and the P value of timed standing and walking tests was0.000,all of which showed significant differences.The P value of the improved sensory integration test was 0.028,indicating a significant difference;In the four physical activity function tests of the elderly,through independent sample t-test,the P-values of the four physical functions in the experimental group and the control group after the experiment were all less than 0.05,showing significant differences.Conclusion:(1)The goal of the yoga exercise program for frail elderly people is to improve their exercise ability,prevent falls,flexible joints,increase muscle flexibility and strength,reduce frailty,and improve quality of life.The specific exercise content is divided into four categories,with a total of 44 movements.The selected content is based on the exercise objectives of this research plan and conforms to the physiological and psychological characteristics of frail elderly people,and has a certain degree of scientific and safety.(2)The specific manifestations of frailty in the two groups of elderly people before the experiment were memory and visual impairment,upper and lower limb weakness,decreased step count,and unfounded fatigue,all of which seriously affect the daily life of the elderly.(3)The yoga exercise program designed in this study for frail elderly people can effectively delay the rate of frailty and achieve the effect of delaying aging.After the experiment,it was found that the yoga exercise program for frail elderly people has a significant improvement effect on their physiological,psychological,and cognitive dimensions,but the improvement effect in social and environmental dimensions is not significant.(4)The yoga exercise program for frail elderly people designed in this study has been experimentally proven to enhance grip strength,shorten the time required to complete 5 sit ups,improve the speed of standing up and walking,and enhance balance ability.(5)Feedback from frail elderly people after yoga exercise shows that three months of yoga exercise significantly improves body function,sleep quality,and balance ability;Strengthened upper and lower limb strength,abdominal strength,and flexibility;It can also effectively alleviate daily stress and anxiety emotions. |
