Research On The Design And Practice Of STEM Activities For Cultivating Higher-order Thinking Abilitie

Higher-order thinking skills is the key ability for innovative talents to adapt to social development.It is the ability to analyze and process information,solve problems and creatively evaluate things.One of the most important features of STEM education is its interdisciplinarity,which enables students to solve problems creatively based on interdisciplinary knowledge,so as to acquire transferable thinking ability.Therefore,STEM education becomes an important way to cultivate students’ higher-order thinking skills.In order to further enrich the research in the field of STEM education in basic education,primary school students are taken as the research object,STEM activity design is taken as the research content,and relevant research is carried out on the design and practice of STEM activities for the cultivation of higher-order thinking skills in combination with relevant theories on the cultivation of higher order thinking ability.This research combines literature research method,survey study method and action research method to carry out research work in the following aspects:First of all,through the literature research method,this paper studies the research status of higher-order thinking skills and STEM education internal and abroad.Although there are many researches on STEM education in primary school,there are still some problems such as low degree of discipline integration and formality.In addition,the cultivation of higherorder thinking skills is mainly based on single subject teaching,and there are few researches on cultivating students’ higher order thinking ability by interdisciplinary way.By reading literature,this study also analyzed the feasibility of cultivating higher-order thinking ability through STEM education and the composition of higher-order thinking skills.Secondly,through the investigation of the teaching status of some STEM courses designed and developed by an institute in T,it is understood that there are still some problems in the implementation of STEM courses,which provides the direction for the follow-up research.Thirdly,the design of STEM activities for cultivating higher-order thinking skills is discussed theoretically,and the STEM activities design principles are put forward: questionoriented principle,process-iterative principle,interdisciplinarity principle,student-centered principle.Based on relevant theories,the STEM activity elements oriented to the cultivation of higher-order thinking skills are determined,and on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of learners,each element of the activity is designed.By integrating projectbased learning and problem-based learning,combined with the development stage of higherorder thinking ability,an integrated STEM activity mode oriented to cultivating higher-order thinking skills was constructed.The STEM activity framework of this study was preliminarily constructed according to the theoretical model of higher-order thinking skills.Finally,according to the STEM activity framework,the action research method is used to design STEM activity cases and carry out three rounds of activities,and the activity framework is modified and improved in the practice process.The research results showed that STEM activities were an effective way to achieve the development of students’ higher-order thinking skills.The integration of higher-order thinking also provides a new perspective for designing STEM activities,and improves the implementation effect of STEM activities,and promotes the development of students’ critical thinking skills and creative thinking skills.The practice test shows that the activity framework designed in this study has a significant effect on cultivating the higher-order thinking skills of primary school students,and provides a reference for the implementation of STEM activities in primary school.