A Comparative Study Of Factors Affecting The Happiness Of Middle School Students Based On PISA Dat

With the advent of the era of globalization,the international community’s requirements for students’ comprehensive ability are constantly improving.Well-being is a necessary basis for the comprehensive development of students’ quality and an important index to measure the quality of school education.Countries around the world gradually realize the important value of developing students’ well-being in school education and have launched a series of education reform programs.China also issued《the Opinions on Further Reducing the Student Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden in Compulsory Education》in 2021,aiming at alleviating the student schoolwork pressure inside and outside the school,relieving their anxiety and improving their well-being level.At the same time,clarifying the influencing factors of well-being can help students experience,feel and create well-being more pertinently.Therefore,it is particularly important to explore the influencing factors of students’ well-being.In this study,four provinces and cities of China,Japan,the United States and the United Kingdom are selected as the research objects.The United States and the United Kingdom are typical representatives of European and American cultures,with a high degree of economic and educational development;China and Japan,both Asian countries,are deeply influenced by Confucian culture.Studying the four countries can enrich the research results of comparative education and provide empirical evidence for mutual reference.The four countries mentioned above are participating countries in the PISA 2018 survey,and the rigorous evaluation system of PISA provides a strong foundation for the comparative study among the four countries.In the research process,the author first searches and sorts out the domestic and foreign literature related to wellbeing,and on the basis of grasping the current condition of well-being research,contacts the influence of educational situation on it and puts forward the research questions of this paper.Secondly,define the evaluation framework of student wellbeing in PISA 2018 and determine the dimensions of middle school student well-being on this basis.Finally,the paper makes a statistical analysis of middle school student well-being in four countries to explore the overall situation,differential performance and educational influencing factors of middle school student well-being.The results show that:(1)Among the four countries,students in four provinces and cities in China have performed relatively well in terms of well-being,while students from Japan and the United States have performed well in terms of well-being.However,there is still significant room for growth in the well-being of United Kingdom students;(2)There are significant differences in the well-being of middle school students in four provinces and cities in China,Japan,the United States and the United Kingdom;(3)The well-being of middle school students in four provinces and cities in China,Japan,the United States and the United Kingdom has significant differences in the four demographic variables of mother’s education,father’s education,grade and gender,and shows different trends;(4)Parent emotional support,self-efficacy,bullying behavior,student competition,student cooperation and teacher classroom support can significantly affect student well-being in the four countries.On the basis of the existing conclusions,this study puts forward feasible suggestions to enhance the well-being of middle school students in China from the aspects of national policies,schools,teachers,families and students themselves:(1)Clear the direction of education reform;(2)Create a harmonious and beautiful campus environment;(3)Improve teachers’ sense of responsibility and service;(4)Building a harmonious and warm family atmosphere;(5)Promote the change of students’ own ideas.