Research On Cost Allocation Of Joint Construction Distribution Center Based On DEA-modified Shapley Value Method

In recent years,the logistics and express delivery industry,in order to meet the needs of e-commerce development,have been constantly optimizing and improving logistics services,aiming to match the rapid development of e-commerce demand.However,The efficiency and quality of terminal distribution have been to be improved.which has become one of the important factors hindering the logistics and express industry.Based on this,the express enterprises also look to the future and actively respond,aiming at the low resource utilization rate,poor timeliness,low customer satisfaction in the terminal distribution of effective solutions--the establishment of terminal distribution alliance,joint construction of distribution center,to achieve joint distribution.In this thesis,it focuses on this model and discusses how to allocate fixed costs,operating costs and other costs in the process of constructing distribution centers by alliances.The purpose of the establishment of the alliance is to effectively reduce these problems at the end of logistics.However,the key to the establishment of the alliance is that the cost allocated by the members of the alliance(the express delivery enterprises participating in the cooperation)after the cooperation is lower than the cost of independent operation before the cooperation,that is,it conforms to the principle of individual rationality of the alliance.At the same time,the continuous existence of the alliance should meet the requirement that the sum of the benefits distributed by the alliance members is equal to the total cost of the alliance,that is,it conforms to the principle of alliance effectiveness.After the establishment and operation of the alliance,how to distribute the cost of the alliance is the key to the problem.Therefore,this thesis takes how to allocate the cost of the alliance as the direction,and establishes an allocation model to distribute the cost of the alliance.In this thesis,it first introduces several important concepts commonly used in cooperative game,such as the concept of solution,the core,the nucleolus,the relation and difference between them.By some inference,the core is proved to be non-empty,that is,there is a core solution to the cost allocation problem of the joint construction distribution center.Secondly.It divides the cost of alliance into two parts: separable cost and inseparable cost.Separable cost refers to the sum of marginal cost generated when each alliance member joins the alliance in this thesis,and non-separable cost refers to the remaining part of total production capital without separable cost.Thirdly,this thesis introduces the data envelopment method to evaluate the efficiency of the possible alliance formed by express enterprises,and clarifies the input factors of the alliance evaluation,such as the quantity of delivery vehicles,the amount of investment in facilities and equipment,the number of employees and the output factors of the evaluation,such as the income of delivery and the income of collection.The efficiency model obtained by the data envelopment method is used to construct the characteristic function.After checking that the characteristic function satisfies the properties of superadditivity and monotonicity,Shapley value formula is put into it to solve the problem.According to the weight of the inseparable cost of each alliance member,the inseparable cost is allocated according to the weight.Finally,the total cost allocated by the members of the alliance is equal to the sum of the marginal cost generated by the members joining the alliance and the inseparable cost shared.To test and verify the rationality of the model,this thesis will through a simple example in this thesis,we study model and Shapley method,the distribution of the nucleolus method in cooperative game cost(interest),comparing the distribution of frequently used method found in this thesis,we study the model than the other method is closer to the problem of nucleoli and avoid the nucleolus method to calculate the difficulty is high,high requirements for hardware devices and the problem of complexity.After testing the distribution model,this thesis introduces a case of a distribution center built in a county in Jiangsu Province.After obtaining the distribution results through the distribution model,it analyzes the results and compares the cost allocated by members of the alliance with the cost of independent operation,as well as the distribution income and collection income shared by members of the alliance with the change of independent operation.It is not difficult to find that the formation of joint distribution center alliance saves resources,reduces customer waiting time and improves customer satisfaction for express enterprises in the process of terminal distribution.