Impact Of Rural Labor Transfer On Urban-rural Integration Development

In theory,rural labor transfer can promote the optimal allocation of labor resources and break the barriers to the free movement of urban and rural elements,so as to promote the comprehensive integration and development of urban and rural areas.As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new stage,the relationship between urban and rural areas in China has also undergone a “qualitative” change.Among them,the optimal allocation of production factors is one of the important reasons for the transformation of urban-rural relations.As the most active production factor between urban and rural areas,the optimal allocation of rural labor force has undoubtedly contributed to the integrated development of urban and rural areas.On the one hand,the huge "demographic dividend" forces cities to make more reasonable choices,such as increasing employment opportunities,improving the level of infrastructure services,adjusting income distribution and promoting the transformation of production mode.This means that factors conducive to economic development can be integrated in cities,and urbanization can promote cities to realize a new round of value remodeling through agglomeration effect.On the other hand,with the arrival of Lewis turning point,the transfer of rural labor has greatly improved the efficiency of agricultural output,and its contribution to the economic growth of rural areas and the modernization of agriculture and rural areas can not be ignored.In other words,rural labor transfer always runs through the whole process of urban and rural development.As one of the important ways to realize the optimal allocation of resources,it can drive the flow of production factors,improve the spatial layout of urban and rural areas,enhance social welfare,promote the construction of a new type of human-centered urbanization,and promote the urban-rural integrated development from the source.In order to empirically test the impact mechanism of rural labor transfer on urban-rural integration development,based on China’s inter-provincial panel data from 2003 to 2019,this paper constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system of urban-rural integration development level from five dimensions: economic integration,social integration,population integration,environmental integration and spatial integration.The vertical and horizontal stretch method is used to comprehensively evaluate the level of urban-rural integration development.On this basis,the benchmark regression model,panel quantile model and panel threshold model are used to empirically test the impact of rural labor transfer on urban-rural integration development,and the robustness test is carried out.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The level of urban-rural integration development in China is increasing year by year and has different characteristics in terms of temporal change,spatial distribution and inter-provincial correlation.The level of urban-rural integration development in the three regions is decreasing from west to east.The integrated development of urban and rural areas needs to cross the regional development gap.The level of inter-provincial urban-rural integration development shows a cascade distribution.Therefore,in the dynamic process of realizing the urban-rural integration development,all provinces should play a positive-sum game to achieve mutual benefit and win-win situation.(2)The transfer of rural labor force has significantly promoted urban-rural integration development.The positive effect of rural labor transfer on urban-rural integration development is particularly prominent at the low score points.With the increase of the score points,the marginal effect of rural labor transfer on urban-rural integration development shows a decreasing trend,which is in line with the law of decreasing marginal effect of production factors.(3)There is a significant double threshold effect between rural labor transfer and urban-rural integration development with the level of rural human capital as the threshold variable.In the test of regional heterogeneity,there is a single threshold effect on the impact of rural labor transfer on urban-rural integration development in eastern,central and western regions.When the single threshold value is crossed,the impact of rural labor transfer on urban-rural integration development is further strengthened.