Study On The Influence Of Employment On Subjective Well-being Of Younger Elderly

The degree of aging of Chinese population is deepening,which produces negative effects on social economy and highlights the problems of the aged society.In recent years,the state has attached great importance to the problem of population aging,put forward strategies to actively cope with population aging,and formulated and implemented a series of policies and measures to develop human resources for the elderly and promote active aging.However,it is still necessary to further improve how to achieve "happy aging" while realizing "productive aging".This paper conducts an in-depth study on the employment and subjective well-being of the younger elderly,aiming at rationally developing the human resources of the elderly,alleviating the shortage of labor and the burden of social pension,and promoting the elderly to achieve "happy aging" while "productive aging".In the research process,mainly based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,positive activity theory and labor-leisure theory,it not only pays attention to the influencing factors of employment and subjective well-being of the younger elderly,but also pays more attention to the influencing mechanism of employment on their subjective well-being.Therefore,this paper uses the data of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2020 to conduct a secondary analysis and qualitative analysis of the interview content of 13 younger elderly people in Nanjing.Through descriptive analysis,the present situation of employment and subjective well-being of the younger elderly is presented.Binary Logistic regression,OLS regression,instrumental variable method,Propensity Score Matching(PSM)and other methods were used to find the influence of employment on subjective well-being of the younger elderly.By means of qualitative analysis and mediating effect test,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of employment on subjective well-being of the younger elderly.The results show that: the employment rate and subjective well-being of the younger elderly are high,the employment rate of the younger elderly is close to 45%,nearly 79% of the younger elderly are satisfied with life,the average score of emotional health is 26.34±4.54 points;On the basis of solving the endogenous problem,employment has a negative effect on the subjective well-being of the younger elderly.In addition,the three individual characteristics of gender,household registration type and marital status are the heterogeneous variables affecting the process.Self-rated health level is an intermediary variable in the process of employment’s impact on subjective well-being.Employment will aggravate the negative impact on subjective well-being by reducing self-rated health level.According to the above conclusions,this study puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: try to eliminate the possible negative effects of employment on subjective well-being,and maintain the high level of subjective well-being of the younger elderly;We should pay attention to the health state of the younger elderly during work,so as to avoid physical injury caused by overwork,which may aggravate the negative impact of employment on subjective well-being.