Research On Service Dilemma And Strategy Of Mental Health Social Work In Township From The Perspective Of Field Theory

Under the social transformation and rapid development,the increasing pressure of modern people and the attention to mental health make mental illness become an important topic in the field of public health.At present,various regions in Chongqing actively carry out the pilot work of mental health social work under the support of policy environment.Paying attention to the service process and predicament of mental health social work in towns and villages has become an important way to improve the professional practice level of social work and summarize local experience.In this study,the mental health social work project of X Township was taken as the case study object.It was found that social work in the township improved the level of the township’s medication rate by monitoring and training the patients’ medication rate,alleviated the pressure and emotions of families of patients with mental disability,and actively built a friendly community caring for the patients with mental disability,thus achieving good social benefits.However,it is found that the implementation and promotion of mental health social work services in villages and towns are still faced with many difficulties when using questionnaire and interview methods to investigate the plight of patients with mental disabilities and service needs.As the mental health in towns and cities and social work has different field characteristics and practical logic from other fields,and the mental health social work in towns and cities is still in the early stage of development,this paper tooks Bourdieu field theory as an analytical tool to studied and analyzed the factors affecting services from the three dimensions of field--habitus--capital,and draweds the following conclusions.First,the dispersion of physical space in the field dimension made the service coverage low,and the alienation of the relationship between patients with mental disorders and other subjects in the social space made the construction of social support network difficult.Secondly,in the habitus dimension,the self-isolated behavioral habitus of patients,the self-stigmatization of family members and the cultural habitus with strong awareness of the boundary of seeking help result in the low acceptability of services.Secondly,the cultural habitus of long-term stigmatization of mental diseases by residents increases the difficulty of social integration of patients with mental disorders.In addition,the methods and ethical standards under the guidance of traditional professional habitus of social work do not adapt to the actual situation of the township community.Thirdly,in the capital dimension,patients and families lack economic capital to obtain rehabilitation resources,and the lack of professional capital of social workers,community rehabilitation resources and friendly environment construction has greatly hindered the implementation of social work projects.From the macro level,mental health social work is more or less also faced with the above service dilemma if it is to be embedded in China’s township and grassroots society.However,the following strategies can be formed under the reflective practice of social work to break the shackles of conditions.The first is to expand the service scope and enhance the mutual aid atmosphere through the establishment and construction of collective spatial memory of the linkage mechanism of five social organizations in the field.Secondly,it is to change the habitus of all subjects,make local adjustment through social work ethics and methods,and make it easier for them to establish emotional connection and service with patients and families with mental disorders in grassroots society,and use empowerment and cultural guidance to change the stigmatization of patients with mental disorders,their families and residents.Finally,the implementation of welfare policies and professional ability learning and the use of community education to enrich the capacity of township capital.In addition,this study also believes that more social power and capital investment should be advocated,such as policy and financial support for mental health undertakings;Revitalize the power of grassroots society,such as rural doctors and grid workers;More social opportunities will be provided in the labor market,forming the support of the government,medical treatment,social work and multiple agents in the labor market in the field of mental health,and further providing the topic of how the social work project system can maintain the service effectiveness.