Presenteeism Of Junior High School Teacher: The Current Situation And Related Factors

With the further advancement of education reform,the work pressure of teachers in various subjects at all levels has attracted the attention of scholars.Under the background of double reduction,junior high school teachers are facing many challenges.The overall shortage of teachers in junior high schools,coupled with their strong professionalism,leads to low substitutability of their work,so that some teachers have to work while sick in order to ensure the normal operation of teaching work when they are not in good health.At the same time,the social expectations formed by the praise of teachers’ occupations such as "Human Ladder","Spring Cicada" and "Candle" are internalized by teachers themselves,resulting in a high proportion of some teachers taking the initiative to choose presenteeism when they are in poor health.Presenteeism is defined as individuals who should ask for sick leave under poor health condition,but still insist on participating in work.Our study chose the presenteeism of junior high school teachers as research object,adopted the convenient sampling method,and analyzed the current situation and related factors of 1025 "national training" and "provincially trained" junior high school teachers who from different regions and subjects in Henan Province.According to the survey results,SPSS 24.0 and Amos 22.0 software were used for statistical analysis of data.The main statistical methods used are descriptive statistics,exploratory factor analysis,correlation analysis,regression analysis and hierarchical regression.The results show that:(1)90% of teachers have experienced different frequency of presenteeism in the past 6 months;There were significant differences in age(F=2.72,p<0.05)、gender(t=-5.12,p<0.05)and position(F=7.08,p<0.05);93% of teachers who have experienced presenteeism reported that their work efficiency would decrease to different degrees when they present but sick,with an average decrease of 31.3%,and the annual monetary loss amount is about ￥539.31 billion;Work load(66.4%),responsibility(63.9%),leave system(55.4%)and work enthusiasm(53.2%)are the main reasons that affect the presenteeism of teachers;(2)Health status mediated the relationship between teachers’ presenteeism and job satisfaction,the value of mediating effect was 55.1%;Health status mediated the relationship between teachers’ presenteeism and life satisfaction,the value of mediating effect was 54.6%;(3)Emotinal exhaustion mediated the relationship between teachers’ professional identity and presenteeism,the value of mediating effect was 91.7%;income satisfaction moderated the negative relationship between emotinal exhaustion and teachers’ presenteeism(β=0.27,p<0.01).Our study enriches the research of presenteeism on junior high school teachers in the context of Chinese culture.It has certain theoretical and practical significance,but needs further improvement.Future research can choose diversified research methods for junior high school teachers of different age groups and different subjects,so as to enhance the applicability of the research conclusions.Relevant education management departments can clarify their understanding of presenteeism,provide teachers with a correct atmosphere of social public opinion,and strengthen teachers’ belief in health management.Teachers should be aware of the negative impact of presenteeism on their physical and mental health,life,work and establish a correct view of health.