The Impact Of Intergenerational Cohabitation On Women’s Employment

At the moment when the demographic dividend is gradually fading,the labor pool will continue to shrink.Women are an important part of labor supply,and effectively promoting women’s employment is an important breakthrough to alleviate labor supply difficulties.However,the reality in our country is that the labor force participation rate of female groups is much lower than that of male groups,and the income level is not high.The reason is that the population birth policy after the reform and opening up has changed the traditional Chinese family model for thousands of years.Coupled with the change of values,the family structure of multi-generational family living together is decreasing day by day,and children after marriage.Gradually choose to live in a small family lifestyle.Combined with the realistic background of the increasingly severe aging trend,the traditional family operation mode makes the burden of childcare,housework and pension more on the shoulders of women.Based on role conflict theory,married professional women need to coordinate transitions and trade-offs between family production roles and social work roles.In traditional intergenerational straight-line families,women can get the help of parents and in-laws to take care of them and housework,which can promote their employment participation and employment quality.However,it cannot be ignored that compared with the nuclear family living independently,the intergenerational straight family has a heavier burden of elderly care,which has a certain inhibitory effect on the employment of married women.By analyzing the background and current situation,this paper attempts to objectively explore the two effects of intergenerational cohabitation on women’s labor participation and employment quality in the same analysis system from the perspective of intergenerational reciprocity.Using CFPS panel data from 2010 to2018,we empirically test the impact of intergenerational cohabitation on the employment of married women.Specifically,the Probit model is used to fit female labor participation,and the Heckman two-stage model is selected to solve the problem of sample selection bias of female income and promotion variables.IV-Probit and2 SLS are used to control endogenous bias,and through Variable substitution method is used to test the robustness of the model;then two mechanisms of the impact of intergenerational cohabitation on women’s employment are verified;finally,heterogeneity analysis is carried out from the perspective of married women’s personal life cycle.The results show that the influence of intergenerational cohabitation on the labor participation,salary income and job promotion of married women is mainly a promotion effect on the whole.Living with parents through intergenerational care or housework has a significant effect on women’s labor supply,salary income and job promotion.At the same time,providing care assistance to live-in parents has a disincentive effect on women’s labor force participation and wage income.In addition,the promotion of intergenerational cohabitation to married women’s employment is inversely proportional to their age.Based on the above research conclusions,this paper finds an entry point for increasing the female labor force participation rate,improving women’s employment treatment and career development,and provides policy suggestions: in the short term,intergenerational cohabitation is called for,and preferential housing policies are introduced;in the long run,childcare service standards should be improved and the elderly care system,improving the security of the intergenerational care system,and improving the concept of gender equality in employment.