Research On The Influence Of Artificial Intelligence On Labor Wage

The development of artificial intelligence such as automatic driving,intelligent customer service and industrial robots is changing with each passing day,but the attendant "machine replacement" is worrying.In recent years,some representative international studies have shown that the use of artificial intelligence reduces the labor wage level.Will the use of artificial intelligence really affect the labor wage?This paper constructs a CES model including labor input and artificial intelligence capital input.Through theoretical model derivation and numerical simulation,it is found that there is an "inverted U" characteristic between labor wage level and manmachine substitution elasticity,that is,with the increasing degree of artificial intelligence replacing labor,labor wage level shows a trend of first rising and then falling.Secondly,the "inverted U" curve is verified based on the matching data of CGSS(China comprehensive social survey)and CRIA(China robot industry alliance).Finally,from the perspective of regional labor protection degree,economic system structure,regional economic development level,scientific and technological activity degree,foreign economic and trade degree and industrial structure,this paper analyzes the characteristics of industrial robots affecting labor wages in manufacturing industry.Finally,the main research conclusions are as follows:First,the labor wage level and man-machine substitution elasticity show the characteristics of "inverted U",that is,with the increasing degree of artificial intelligence replacing labor,the labor wage level shows a trend of first rising and then falling.It shows that the replacement of artificial intelligence will not be achieved overnight.It will replace the labor force step by step.Secondly,based on the matching data of industrial robots,this paper finds through empirical research that when the density of industrial robots in an industry is low(i.e.less than 5 industrial robots per 10000 people),the use of industrial robots is likely to improve the labor wage level of the industry;However,for industries with high density of industrial robots,the use of industrial robots may reduce the labor wage of this industry.Third,based on the inter provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019,the research results show that the application of industrial robots has a significant negative impact on the wage level of manufacturing labor force.On the whole,the improvement of the level of artificial intelligence does have a significant inhibitory effect on the wage level of manufacturing labor force,indicating that the substitution effect of artificial intelligence on labor force is dominant at this stage,showing the phenomenon of "machine replacement".Fourth,according to the characteristic analysis,it is found that the impact of industrial robot application on the wage level of manufacturing labor force is different in different regions.The empirical results show that the application of industrial robot has a significant promotion effect on the eastern region,a significant inhibition effect on the central region,and no significant impact on the western region.Fifthly,when investigating the external conditions of the impact of industrial robots on the wage level of manufacturing labor force,it is found that in the areas with low degree of labor protection,high proportion of private economy,low level of regional economic development,weak scientific and technological activity,low degree of foreign economy and trade and poor industrial structure,robot application will significantly inhibit the wage level of manufacturing industry,on the contrary,it has no significant impact.Based on the research conclusions,this paper puts forward four policy suggestions:(1)scientifically predict the impact of artificial intelligence on wages and continuously enable the employment transformation of labor force;(2)Accelerate the deep integration of artificial intelligence and various industries,constantly give birth to new business forms and create new jobs;(3)Speed up the improvement of the social security system and build a social safety net full of the impact of artificial intelligence;(4)Comprehensively deepen the reform of talent training and cultivate national strategic talents of artificial intelligence.