Analysis Of The Impact Of Labour Onnortunitv Costs On Farmers’ Motivation To Grow Grain In Henan Province

Food production plays a pivotal role in the security,social and economic development of the country.Urbanization and continued industrialization have led to the erosion of arable land and the loss of a large proportion of the rural workforce,which has had a serious impact on food production in China.The constraints of various factors on farmers’ motivation to grow food have put great pressure on China’s food security.In recent years,the returns from grain crops in Henan Province have been relatively low compared to the returns from cash crops and the returns from working outside the home.As one of the important factors affecting the motivation of grain production,it is particularly important to analyse the impact of labour opportunity cost on farmers’ motivation to grow grain in Henan Province.Although the opportunity cost of labour and farmers’ motivation to grow grain have been discussed in depth in academic circles,research on the opportunity cost of labour on farmers’ motivation to grow grain is still rare.Based on this,this paper firstly uses panel data of 18 cities in Henan Province from 2011-2020,selects evaluation indicators of farmers’ motivation to grow grain from 2 aspects of grain production input level and grain output level based on sustainable development theory,and measures farmers’ motivation to grow grain in Henan Province using entropy weighting method and weighted TOPSIS method,based on the theory of sustainable development.At the same time,the K-means clustering method in SPSS 23.0 was used to analyse the farmers’ motivation to grow grain in 18 cities in Henan Province from 2011 to 2020.On this basis,a regression model of farmers’ motivation to grow grain and the influencing factors was established to empirically study the impact of labour opportunity cost on farmers’ motivation to grow grain in Henan Province.The main findings of the study are as follows:Firstly,the results of the measurement and analysis show that the level of farmers’ motivation to grow grain is generally low in 18 cities in Henan Province.The motivation of farmers to grow food in more cities in Henan Province is in the low positive level group,and the motivation of farmers to grow food in most urban areas of the 18 cities in Henan Province is in the middle to low level,and there is more room to improve the motivation level of farmers to grow food in Henan Province;Secondly,the results of entropy and weighted TOPSIS methods and K-means clustering analysis show that in the last ten years,the variability of farmers’ motivation to grow food was most significant among the 18 cities in Henan Province in 2015.among the 18 cities,the variability of farmers’ motivation to grow food was most significant in Xinxiang City.The results of the regression model showed that the coefficient of labour opportunity cost was the largest in Central Henan,the smallest in East Henan.The impact of labour opportunity cost is significantly higher in East,Central and South Henan than in West and North Henan;Thirdly,the model estimation results show that,overall,labour opportunity cost has a significant positive effect on farmers’ motivation to grow grain in Henan Province;Fourthly,the empirical results show that the level of education of farmers in Henan Province has a significant negative impact on farmers’ motivation to grow food,indicating that the higher the level of education of farmers,the lower the motivation of farmers to grow food.Based on the above findings,in order to guarantee national food security and improve farmers’ motivation to grow food in Henan Province,this paper puts forward the following conclusions: Firstly,further strengthen farmers’ motivation to value agriculture and grasp food.Strengthen the propaganda work on food security to enhance farmers’ awareness of food security and their sense of responsibility and subjectivity to participate in the protection of national food security.Strengthen the propaganda,guidance and demonstration of agricultural production techniques,and bring into play the role of agricultural government technical extension departments in promoting agricultural techniques to farmers.Secondly,accelerate the construction of urbanization,form a new pattern of urban and rural development with a reasonable structure and regional coordination,enhance the charm of the countryside and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents.We will develop industries in each region according to local conditions,and driving the rapid and healthy development of the rural economy.Thirdly,a sound land transfer service system should be established to guide the standardization of rural land transfer practices and provide positive assurance for large-scale operations.Improve the level of mechanization of food crops and expand the scope of mechanized applications to ensure the stability of food production and operation and increase food production.Finally,ensure farmers’ income from food production.The effective implementation of the policy of subsidies for farmers,giving full play to the macroscopic deployment role of various government departments and mobilizing the enthusiasm of grain cultivation.